Small Finger Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Chronic Arthritis Secondary to Leprosy: A Case Report

Leprosy (Hansen's disease) is a multisystem, chronic infectious disease that still exists. It is caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Musculoskeletal features are non-consistent and can lead to misdiagnosis and mistreatment. We report the case of a 23-year-old male with the right small finger (RSF) proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint arthropathy related to leprosy. This was his first encounter with seeking medical advice regarding his condition. The patient was diagnosed and treated with surgical debridement, volar plate arthroplasty for the affected proximal interphalangeal joint, and the recommended multi-drug therapy regimen. The pathological effects of leprosy on the bones and joints have been attributed to several theories, with peripheral nerve neuropathy being the primary cause. Early detection of leprosy is crucial for effective management, preventing further disease transmission, and minimizing the risk of developing complications.