Management of low colorectal anastomotic leakage using negative pressure therapy with Transanal Minimally Invasive Surgery (TAMIS): description of a case and review of the literature

Anastomotic leakage (AL) represents a major post-operative complication after low anterior resection (LAR) for rectal cancer. It is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, length of hospital stay and risk of permanent stoma. Herein we report the case of a 75-year-old male patient submitted to a minimally invasive LAR who developed an AL on the fifth post-operative day. This complication has been successfully managed by placing a Vacuum-Assisted Therapy device (Endo-SPONGE®) with an unusual Transanal Minimally Invasive Surgery (TAMIS) approach; the size of the abscess cavity was measured and the Endo-SPONGE® was cut according to the size of the fistulous defect. This procedure has been performed at regular intervals, achieving quick reduction of anastomotic defect. After the discharge from our department, the patient was addressed to adjuvant treatment. TAMIS may represent an alternative to the endoscopic approach to position an Endo-SPONGE® whenever a conservative management of an AL is required.