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Coastal upwelling drives ecosystem temporal variability from the surface to the abyssal seafloor

Long-term biological time series that monitor ecosystems across the ocean’s full water column are extremely rare. As a result, classic paradigms are yet to be tested. One such paradigm is that variations in coastal upwelling drive changes in marine ecosystems throughout the water column. We examine...

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Autores principales: Messié, Monique, Sherlock, Rob E., Huffard, Christine L., Pennington, J. Timothy, Choy, C. Anela, Michisaki, Reiko P., Gomes, Kevin, Chavez, Francisco P., Robison, Bruce H., Smith, Kenneth L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: National Academy of Sciences 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10068760/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36947518
http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2214567120
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author Messié, Monique
Sherlock, Rob E.
Huffard, Christine L.
Pennington, J. Timothy
Choy, C. Anela
Michisaki, Reiko P.
Gomes, Kevin
Chavez, Francisco P.
Robison, Bruce H.
Smith, Kenneth L.
author_facet Messié, Monique
Sherlock, Rob E.
Huffard, Christine L.
Pennington, J. Timothy
Choy, C. Anela
Michisaki, Reiko P.
Gomes, Kevin
Chavez, Francisco P.
Robison, Bruce H.
Smith, Kenneth L.
author_sort Messié, Monique
collection PubMed
description Long-term biological time series that monitor ecosystems across the ocean’s full water column are extremely rare. As a result, classic paradigms are yet to be tested. One such paradigm is that variations in coastal upwelling drive changes in marine ecosystems throughout the water column. We examine this hypothesis by using data from three multidecadal time series spanning surface (0 m), midwater (200 to 1,000 m), and benthic (~4,000 m) habitats in the central California Current Upwelling System. Data include microscopic counts of surface plankton, video quantification of midwater animals, and imaging of benthic seafloor invertebrates. Taxon-specific plankton biomass and midwater and benthic animal densities were separately analyzed with principal component analysis. Within each community, the first mode of variability corresponds to most taxa increasing and decreasing over time, capturing seasonal surface blooms and lower-frequency midwater and benthic variability. When compared to local wind-driven upwelling variability, each community correlates to changes in upwelling damped over distinct timescales. This suggests that periods of high upwelling favor increase in organism biomass or density from the surface ocean through the midwater down to the abyssal seafloor. These connections most likely occur directly via changes in primary production and vertical carbon flux, and to a lesser extent indirectly via other oceanic changes. The timescales over which species respond to upwelling are taxon-specific and are likely linked to the longevity of phytoplankton blooms (surface) and of animal life (midwater and benthos), which dictate how long upwelling-driven changes persist within each community.
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spelling pubmed-100687602023-09-22 Coastal upwelling drives ecosystem temporal variability from the surface to the abyssal seafloor Messié, Monique Sherlock, Rob E. Huffard, Christine L. Pennington, J. Timothy Choy, C. Anela Michisaki, Reiko P. Gomes, Kevin Chavez, Francisco P. Robison, Bruce H. Smith, Kenneth L. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Biological Sciences Long-term biological time series that monitor ecosystems across the ocean’s full water column are extremely rare. As a result, classic paradigms are yet to be tested. One such paradigm is that variations in coastal upwelling drive changes in marine ecosystems throughout the water column. We examine this hypothesis by using data from three multidecadal time series spanning surface (0 m), midwater (200 to 1,000 m), and benthic (~4,000 m) habitats in the central California Current Upwelling System. Data include microscopic counts of surface plankton, video quantification of midwater animals, and imaging of benthic seafloor invertebrates. Taxon-specific plankton biomass and midwater and benthic animal densities were separately analyzed with principal component analysis. Within each community, the first mode of variability corresponds to most taxa increasing and decreasing over time, capturing seasonal surface blooms and lower-frequency midwater and benthic variability. When compared to local wind-driven upwelling variability, each community correlates to changes in upwelling damped over distinct timescales. This suggests that periods of high upwelling favor increase in organism biomass or density from the surface ocean through the midwater down to the abyssal seafloor. These connections most likely occur directly via changes in primary production and vertical carbon flux, and to a lesser extent indirectly via other oceanic changes. The timescales over which species respond to upwelling are taxon-specific and are likely linked to the longevity of phytoplankton blooms (surface) and of animal life (midwater and benthos), which dictate how long upwelling-driven changes persist within each community. National Academy of Sciences 2023-03-22 2023-03-28 /pmc/articles/PMC10068760/ /pubmed/36947518 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2214567120 Text en Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Biological Sciences
Messié, Monique
Sherlock, Rob E.
Huffard, Christine L.
Pennington, J. Timothy
Choy, C. Anela
Michisaki, Reiko P.
Gomes, Kevin
Chavez, Francisco P.
Robison, Bruce H.
Smith, Kenneth L.
Coastal upwelling drives ecosystem temporal variability from the surface to the abyssal seafloor
title Coastal upwelling drives ecosystem temporal variability from the surface to the abyssal seafloor
title_full Coastal upwelling drives ecosystem temporal variability from the surface to the abyssal seafloor
title_fullStr Coastal upwelling drives ecosystem temporal variability from the surface to the abyssal seafloor
title_full_unstemmed Coastal upwelling drives ecosystem temporal variability from the surface to the abyssal seafloor
title_short Coastal upwelling drives ecosystem temporal variability from the surface to the abyssal seafloor
title_sort coastal upwelling drives ecosystem temporal variability from the surface to the abyssal seafloor
topic Biological Sciences
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10068760/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36947518
http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2214567120
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