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Overharvesting in human patch foraging reflects rational structure learning and adaptive planning
Patch foraging presents a sequential decision-making problem widely studied across organisms—stay with a current option or leave it in search of a better alternative? Behavioral ecology has identified an optimal strategy for these decisions, but, across species, foragers systematically deviate from...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
National Academy of Sciences
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10068834/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36961923 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2216524120 |
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author | Harhen, Nora C. Bornstein, Aaron M. |
author_facet | Harhen, Nora C. Bornstein, Aaron M. |
author_sort | Harhen, Nora C. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Patch foraging presents a sequential decision-making problem widely studied across organisms—stay with a current option or leave it in search of a better alternative? Behavioral ecology has identified an optimal strategy for these decisions, but, across species, foragers systematically deviate from it, staying too long with an option or “overharvesting” relative to this optimum. Despite the ubiquity of this behavior, the mechanism underlying it remains unclear and an object of extensive investigation. Here, we address this gap by approaching foraging as both a decision-making and learning problem. Specifically, we propose a model in which foragers 1) rationally infer the structure of their environment and 2) use their uncertainty over the inferred structure representation to adaptively discount future rewards. We find that overharvesting can emerge from this rational statistical inference and uncertainty adaptation process. In a patch-leaving task, we show that human participants adapt their foraging to the richness and dynamics of the environment in ways consistent with our model. These findings suggest that definitions of optimal foraging could be extended by considering how foragers reduce and adapt to uncertainty over representations of their environment. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10068834 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-100688342023-09-24 Overharvesting in human patch foraging reflects rational structure learning and adaptive planning Harhen, Nora C. Bornstein, Aaron M. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Social Sciences Patch foraging presents a sequential decision-making problem widely studied across organisms—stay with a current option or leave it in search of a better alternative? Behavioral ecology has identified an optimal strategy for these decisions, but, across species, foragers systematically deviate from it, staying too long with an option or “overharvesting” relative to this optimum. Despite the ubiquity of this behavior, the mechanism underlying it remains unclear and an object of extensive investigation. Here, we address this gap by approaching foraging as both a decision-making and learning problem. Specifically, we propose a model in which foragers 1) rationally infer the structure of their environment and 2) use their uncertainty over the inferred structure representation to adaptively discount future rewards. We find that overharvesting can emerge from this rational statistical inference and uncertainty adaptation process. In a patch-leaving task, we show that human participants adapt their foraging to the richness and dynamics of the environment in ways consistent with our model. These findings suggest that definitions of optimal foraging could be extended by considering how foragers reduce and adapt to uncertainty over representations of their environment. National Academy of Sciences 2023-03-24 2023-03-28 /pmc/articles/PMC10068834/ /pubmed/36961923 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2216524120 Text en Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Social Sciences Harhen, Nora C. Bornstein, Aaron M. Overharvesting in human patch foraging reflects rational structure learning and adaptive planning |
title | Overharvesting in human patch foraging reflects rational structure learning and adaptive planning |
title_full | Overharvesting in human patch foraging reflects rational structure learning and adaptive planning |
title_fullStr | Overharvesting in human patch foraging reflects rational structure learning and adaptive planning |
title_full_unstemmed | Overharvesting in human patch foraging reflects rational structure learning and adaptive planning |
title_short | Overharvesting in human patch foraging reflects rational structure learning and adaptive planning |
title_sort | overharvesting in human patch foraging reflects rational structure learning and adaptive planning |
topic | Social Sciences |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10068834/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36961923 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2216524120 |
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