Incentive policy optimization of scientific and technological talents and low-carbon economy analysis from the perspective of public health

In the face of multiple challenges in stabilizing economic growth, improving people's living quality, and limiting the total amount of CO(2) emissions, firstly, this study analyzes the incentive and optimization policies of scientific and technological (S&T) talents from four aspects: incentive, cultivation, flow, and evaluation. Moreover, practical suggestions are put forward. Secondly, an optimization model of China's low-carbon economy (LCE) is implemented. The Matlab software can be adopted to solve the economic output of each department in the expected year and obtain the overall economic indicators for 2017 and 2022. Finally, the output influence and CO(2) emission influence of each industry are analyzed. The research results are as follows. (1) From the viewpoint of public health (PH), the countermeasures and suggestions of the S&T talents policy mainly include four parts: building a complete S&T talents policy system, expanding the coverage group of the policy, strictly implementing the policy of evaluating S&T talents, and improving the guarantee mechanism of relevant talents introduction policy. (2) In 2017, the primary industry, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery, accounted for 5.33%; the secondary industry, the energy sector accounted for 72.04%, and the tertiary industry (service industry) accounted for 22.63%. In 2022, the primary, secondary, and tertiary industry accounted for 6.09%, 68.44%, and 25.47%. (3) From the perspective of the industrial influence coefficient, the coefficient of all sectors is stable during 2017–2022. From the standpoint of CO(2) emission, China's total CO(2) emission shows rapidly increasing trend during the same period. This study has vital practical significance and theoretical value for realizing the sustainable development (SH) and transformation of the LCE.