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In vitro–in silico correlation of three-dimensional turbulent flows in an idealized mouth-throat model

There exists an ongoing need to improve the validity and accuracy of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of turbulent airflows in the extra-thoracic and upper airways. Yet, a knowledge gap remains in providing experimentally-resolved 3D flow benchmarks with sufficient data density and com...

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Autores principales: Nof, Eliram, Bhardwaj, Saurabh, Koullapis, Pantelis, Bessler, Ron, Kassinos, Stavros, Sznitman, Josué
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10072468/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36952557
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010537
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author Nof, Eliram
Bhardwaj, Saurabh
Koullapis, Pantelis
Bessler, Ron
Kassinos, Stavros
Sznitman, Josué
author_facet Nof, Eliram
Bhardwaj, Saurabh
Koullapis, Pantelis
Bessler, Ron
Kassinos, Stavros
Sznitman, Josué
author_sort Nof, Eliram
collection PubMed
description There exists an ongoing need to improve the validity and accuracy of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of turbulent airflows in the extra-thoracic and upper airways. Yet, a knowledge gap remains in providing experimentally-resolved 3D flow benchmarks with sufficient data density and completeness for useful comparison with widely-employed numerical schemes. Motivated by such shortcomings, the present work details to the best of our knowledge the first attempt to deliver in vitro–in silico correlations of 3D respiratory airflows in a generalized mouth-throat model and thereby assess the performance of Large Eddy Simulations (LES) and Reynolds-Averaged Numerical Simulations (RANS). Numerical predictions are compared against 3D volumetric flow measurements using Tomographic Particle Image Velocimetry (TPIV) at three steady inhalation flowrates varying from shallow to deep inhalation conditions. We find that a RANS k-ω SST model adequately predicts velocity flow patterns for Reynolds numbers spanning 1’500 to 7’000, supporting results in close proximity to a more computationally-expensive LES model. Yet, RANS significantly underestimates turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), thus underlining the advantages of LES as a higher-order turbulence modeling scheme. In an effort to bridge future endevours across respiratory research disciplines, we provide end users with the present in vitro–in silico correlation data for improved predictive CFD models towards inhalation therapy and therapeutic or toxic dosimetry endpoints.
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spelling pubmed-100724682023-04-05 In vitro–in silico correlation of three-dimensional turbulent flows in an idealized mouth-throat model Nof, Eliram Bhardwaj, Saurabh Koullapis, Pantelis Bessler, Ron Kassinos, Stavros Sznitman, Josué PLoS Comput Biol Research Article There exists an ongoing need to improve the validity and accuracy of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of turbulent airflows in the extra-thoracic and upper airways. Yet, a knowledge gap remains in providing experimentally-resolved 3D flow benchmarks with sufficient data density and completeness for useful comparison with widely-employed numerical schemes. Motivated by such shortcomings, the present work details to the best of our knowledge the first attempt to deliver in vitro–in silico correlations of 3D respiratory airflows in a generalized mouth-throat model and thereby assess the performance of Large Eddy Simulations (LES) and Reynolds-Averaged Numerical Simulations (RANS). Numerical predictions are compared against 3D volumetric flow measurements using Tomographic Particle Image Velocimetry (TPIV) at three steady inhalation flowrates varying from shallow to deep inhalation conditions. We find that a RANS k-ω SST model adequately predicts velocity flow patterns for Reynolds numbers spanning 1’500 to 7’000, supporting results in close proximity to a more computationally-expensive LES model. Yet, RANS significantly underestimates turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), thus underlining the advantages of LES as a higher-order turbulence modeling scheme. In an effort to bridge future endevours across respiratory research disciplines, we provide end users with the present in vitro–in silico correlation data for improved predictive CFD models towards inhalation therapy and therapeutic or toxic dosimetry endpoints. Public Library of Science 2023-03-23 /pmc/articles/PMC10072468/ /pubmed/36952557 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010537 Text en © 2023 Nof et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Nof, Eliram
Bhardwaj, Saurabh
Koullapis, Pantelis
Bessler, Ron
Kassinos, Stavros
Sznitman, Josué
In vitro–in silico correlation of three-dimensional turbulent flows in an idealized mouth-throat model
title In vitro–in silico correlation of three-dimensional turbulent flows in an idealized mouth-throat model
title_full In vitro–in silico correlation of three-dimensional turbulent flows in an idealized mouth-throat model
title_fullStr In vitro–in silico correlation of three-dimensional turbulent flows in an idealized mouth-throat model
title_full_unstemmed In vitro–in silico correlation of three-dimensional turbulent flows in an idealized mouth-throat model
title_short In vitro–in silico correlation of three-dimensional turbulent flows in an idealized mouth-throat model
title_sort in vitro–in silico correlation of three-dimensional turbulent flows in an idealized mouth-throat model
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10072468/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36952557
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010537
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