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Toxoplasma gondii in sheep: Serological occurrence at slaughterhouse level in Italy and environmental risk factors

Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease affecting a wide range of species, including humans, and can be responsible for important clinical manifestations such as abortion and neurological signs. Sheep show a remarkable susceptibility to its causative agent, Toxoplasma gondii, and zoonotic transmission...

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Autores principales: Condoleo, Roberto, Rombolà, Pasquale, Palumbo, Roberta, Santori, Davide, Serra, Salvatore, Tonon, Sara, Bosco, Antonio, Sezzi, Erminia
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10076628/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37035804
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1057277
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author Condoleo, Roberto
Rombolà, Pasquale
Palumbo, Roberta
Santori, Davide
Serra, Salvatore
Tonon, Sara
Bosco, Antonio
Sezzi, Erminia
author_facet Condoleo, Roberto
Rombolà, Pasquale
Palumbo, Roberta
Santori, Davide
Serra, Salvatore
Tonon, Sara
Bosco, Antonio
Sezzi, Erminia
author_sort Condoleo, Roberto
collection PubMed
description Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease affecting a wide range of species, including humans, and can be responsible for important clinical manifestations such as abortion and neurological signs. Sheep show a remarkable susceptibility to its causative agent, Toxoplasma gondii, and zoonotic transmission may occur in case of consumption of undercooked meat obtained from infected animals. Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence in sheep can significantly vary on a geographical basis, as shown by numerous surveys conducted worldwide. To investigate environmental and climate conditions that may affect the likelihood of ovine infection, 405 serum samples from selected sheep raised in 91 farms were collected from two abattoirs, with each abattoir receiving animals from two regions (1/Tuscany-Latium and 2/Campania-Basilicata). The seroprevalence of infection in all examined animals was 53.8%. Young animals (n = 165) had a lower likelihood of being T. gondii positive compared to the adults (OR = 0.21), and the seropositive rate of animals slaughtered in abattoir 2 was significantly higher than that of animals slaughtered in abattoir 1 (60.5 vs. 43.2%, p < 0.01). The significant bioclimatic variables (p < 0.05) associated with the presence of T. gondii antibodies were related to areas with a lower range of temperature and higher precipitation. In conclusion, this study expands on the interpretation of serological data, with the inclusion of environmental and climatic variables, as possible risk factors in the spread of toxoplasmosis in the study area. These findings provide novel insights to support public health measures, such as risk-based control plan, and contribute to a “One Health” approach, taking into account the environmental and climatic perspectives.
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spelling pubmed-100766282023-04-07 Toxoplasma gondii in sheep: Serological occurrence at slaughterhouse level in Italy and environmental risk factors Condoleo, Roberto Rombolà, Pasquale Palumbo, Roberta Santori, Davide Serra, Salvatore Tonon, Sara Bosco, Antonio Sezzi, Erminia Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease affecting a wide range of species, including humans, and can be responsible for important clinical manifestations such as abortion and neurological signs. Sheep show a remarkable susceptibility to its causative agent, Toxoplasma gondii, and zoonotic transmission may occur in case of consumption of undercooked meat obtained from infected animals. Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence in sheep can significantly vary on a geographical basis, as shown by numerous surveys conducted worldwide. To investigate environmental and climate conditions that may affect the likelihood of ovine infection, 405 serum samples from selected sheep raised in 91 farms were collected from two abattoirs, with each abattoir receiving animals from two regions (1/Tuscany-Latium and 2/Campania-Basilicata). The seroprevalence of infection in all examined animals was 53.8%. Young animals (n = 165) had a lower likelihood of being T. gondii positive compared to the adults (OR = 0.21), and the seropositive rate of animals slaughtered in abattoir 2 was significantly higher than that of animals slaughtered in abattoir 1 (60.5 vs. 43.2%, p < 0.01). The significant bioclimatic variables (p < 0.05) associated with the presence of T. gondii antibodies were related to areas with a lower range of temperature and higher precipitation. In conclusion, this study expands on the interpretation of serological data, with the inclusion of environmental and climatic variables, as possible risk factors in the spread of toxoplasmosis in the study area. These findings provide novel insights to support public health measures, such as risk-based control plan, and contribute to a “One Health” approach, taking into account the environmental and climatic perspectives. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-03-23 /pmc/articles/PMC10076628/ /pubmed/37035804 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1057277 Text en Copyright © 2023 Condoleo, Rombolà, Palumbo, Santori, Serra, Tonon, Bosco and Sezzi. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Veterinary Science
Condoleo, Roberto
Rombolà, Pasquale
Palumbo, Roberta
Santori, Davide
Serra, Salvatore
Tonon, Sara
Bosco, Antonio
Sezzi, Erminia
Toxoplasma gondii in sheep: Serological occurrence at slaughterhouse level in Italy and environmental risk factors
title Toxoplasma gondii in sheep: Serological occurrence at slaughterhouse level in Italy and environmental risk factors
title_full Toxoplasma gondii in sheep: Serological occurrence at slaughterhouse level in Italy and environmental risk factors
title_fullStr Toxoplasma gondii in sheep: Serological occurrence at slaughterhouse level in Italy and environmental risk factors
title_full_unstemmed Toxoplasma gondii in sheep: Serological occurrence at slaughterhouse level in Italy and environmental risk factors
title_short Toxoplasma gondii in sheep: Serological occurrence at slaughterhouse level in Italy and environmental risk factors
title_sort toxoplasma gondii in sheep: serological occurrence at slaughterhouse level in italy and environmental risk factors
topic Veterinary Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10076628/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37035804
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1057277
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