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Isolation and characterization of extracellular vesicles and future directions in diagnosis and therapy

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a unique and heterogeneous class of lipid bilayer nanoparticles secreted by most cells. EVs are regarded as important mediators of intercellular communication in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells due to their ability to transfer proteins, lipids and nucleic acids...

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Autores principales: De Sousa, Karina P., Rossi, Izadora, Abdullahi, Mahamed, Ramirez, Marcel Ivan, Stratton, Dan, Inal, Jameel Malhador
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10078256/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35898167
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wnan.1835
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author De Sousa, Karina P.
Rossi, Izadora
Abdullahi, Mahamed
Ramirez, Marcel Ivan
Stratton, Dan
Inal, Jameel Malhador
author_facet De Sousa, Karina P.
Rossi, Izadora
Abdullahi, Mahamed
Ramirez, Marcel Ivan
Stratton, Dan
Inal, Jameel Malhador
author_sort De Sousa, Karina P.
collection PubMed
description Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a unique and heterogeneous class of lipid bilayer nanoparticles secreted by most cells. EVs are regarded as important mediators of intercellular communication in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells due to their ability to transfer proteins, lipids and nucleic acids to recipient cells. In addition to their physiological role, EVs are recognized as modulators in pathological processes such as cancer, infectious diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders, providing new potential targets for diagnosis and therapeutic intervention. For a complete understanding of EVs as a universal cellular biological system and its translational applications, optimal techniques for their isolation and characterization are required. Here, we review recent progress in those techniques, from isolation methods to characterization techniques. With interest in therapeutic applications of EVs growing, we address fundamental points of EV‐related cell biology, such as cellular uptake mechanisms and their biodistribution in tissues as well as challenges to their application as drug carriers or biomarkers for less invasive diagnosis or as immunogens. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing. Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease. Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease.
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spelling pubmed-100782562023-04-07 Isolation and characterization of extracellular vesicles and future directions in diagnosis and therapy De Sousa, Karina P. Rossi, Izadora Abdullahi, Mahamed Ramirez, Marcel Ivan Stratton, Dan Inal, Jameel Malhador Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol Advanced Reviews Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a unique and heterogeneous class of lipid bilayer nanoparticles secreted by most cells. EVs are regarded as important mediators of intercellular communication in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells due to their ability to transfer proteins, lipids and nucleic acids to recipient cells. In addition to their physiological role, EVs are recognized as modulators in pathological processes such as cancer, infectious diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders, providing new potential targets for diagnosis and therapeutic intervention. For a complete understanding of EVs as a universal cellular biological system and its translational applications, optimal techniques for their isolation and characterization are required. Here, we review recent progress in those techniques, from isolation methods to characterization techniques. With interest in therapeutic applications of EVs growing, we address fundamental points of EV‐related cell biology, such as cellular uptake mechanisms and their biodistribution in tissues as well as challenges to their application as drug carriers or biomarkers for less invasive diagnosis or as immunogens. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing. Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease. Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2022-07-27 2023 /pmc/articles/PMC10078256/ /pubmed/35898167 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wnan.1835 Text en © 2022 The Authors. WIREs Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Advanced Reviews
De Sousa, Karina P.
Rossi, Izadora
Abdullahi, Mahamed
Ramirez, Marcel Ivan
Stratton, Dan
Inal, Jameel Malhador
Isolation and characterization of extracellular vesicles and future directions in diagnosis and therapy
title Isolation and characterization of extracellular vesicles and future directions in diagnosis and therapy
title_full Isolation and characterization of extracellular vesicles and future directions in diagnosis and therapy
title_fullStr Isolation and characterization of extracellular vesicles and future directions in diagnosis and therapy
title_full_unstemmed Isolation and characterization of extracellular vesicles and future directions in diagnosis and therapy
title_short Isolation and characterization of extracellular vesicles and future directions in diagnosis and therapy
title_sort isolation and characterization of extracellular vesicles and future directions in diagnosis and therapy
topic Advanced Reviews
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10078256/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35898167
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wnan.1835
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