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Assessing Vertical Allocation of Wildfire Smoke Emissions Using Observational Constraints From Airborne Lidar in the Western U.S.

Wildfire emissions are a key contributor of carbonaceous aerosols and trace gases to the atmosphere. Induced by buoyant lifting, smoke plumes can be injected into the free troposphere and lower stratosphere, which by consequence significantly affects the magnitude and distance of their influences on...

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Autores principales: Ye, Xinxin, Saide, Pablo E., Hair, Johnathan, Fenn, Marta, Shingler, Taylor, Soja, Amber, Gargulinski, Emily, Wiggins, Elizabeth
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10078447/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37035763
http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2022JD036808
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author Ye, Xinxin
Saide, Pablo E.
Hair, Johnathan
Fenn, Marta
Shingler, Taylor
Soja, Amber
Gargulinski, Emily
Wiggins, Elizabeth
author_facet Ye, Xinxin
Saide, Pablo E.
Hair, Johnathan
Fenn, Marta
Shingler, Taylor
Soja, Amber
Gargulinski, Emily
Wiggins, Elizabeth
author_sort Ye, Xinxin
collection PubMed
description Wildfire emissions are a key contributor of carbonaceous aerosols and trace gases to the atmosphere. Induced by buoyant lifting, smoke plumes can be injected into the free troposphere and lower stratosphere, which by consequence significantly affects the magnitude and distance of their influences on air quality and radiation budget. However, the vertical allocation of emissions when smoke escapes the planetary boundary layer (PBL) and the mechanism modulating it remain unclear. We present an inverse modeling framework to estimate the wildfire emissions, with their temporal and vertical evolution being constrained by assimilating aerosol extinction profiles observed from the airborne Differential Absorption Lidar‐High Spectral Resolution Lidar during the Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality field campaign. Three fire events in the western U.S., which exhibit free‐tropospheric injections are examined. The constrained smoke emissions indicate considerably larger fractions of smoke injected above the PBL (f (>PBL), 80%–94%) versus the column total, compared to those estimated by the WRF‐Chem model using the default plume rise option (12%–52%). The updated emission profiles yield improvements for the simulated vertical structures of the downwind transported smoke, but limited refinement of regional smoke aerosol optical depth distributions due to the spatiotemporal coverage of flight observations. These results highlight the significance of improving vertical allocation of fire emissions on advancing the modeling and forecasting of the environmental impacts of smoke.
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spelling pubmed-100784472023-04-07 Assessing Vertical Allocation of Wildfire Smoke Emissions Using Observational Constraints From Airborne Lidar in the Western U.S. Ye, Xinxin Saide, Pablo E. Hair, Johnathan Fenn, Marta Shingler, Taylor Soja, Amber Gargulinski, Emily Wiggins, Elizabeth J Geophys Res Atmos Research Article Wildfire emissions are a key contributor of carbonaceous aerosols and trace gases to the atmosphere. Induced by buoyant lifting, smoke plumes can be injected into the free troposphere and lower stratosphere, which by consequence significantly affects the magnitude and distance of their influences on air quality and radiation budget. However, the vertical allocation of emissions when smoke escapes the planetary boundary layer (PBL) and the mechanism modulating it remain unclear. We present an inverse modeling framework to estimate the wildfire emissions, with their temporal and vertical evolution being constrained by assimilating aerosol extinction profiles observed from the airborne Differential Absorption Lidar‐High Spectral Resolution Lidar during the Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality field campaign. Three fire events in the western U.S., which exhibit free‐tropospheric injections are examined. The constrained smoke emissions indicate considerably larger fractions of smoke injected above the PBL (f (>PBL), 80%–94%) versus the column total, compared to those estimated by the WRF‐Chem model using the default plume rise option (12%–52%). The updated emission profiles yield improvements for the simulated vertical structures of the downwind transported smoke, but limited refinement of regional smoke aerosol optical depth distributions due to the spatiotemporal coverage of flight observations. These results highlight the significance of improving vertical allocation of fire emissions on advancing the modeling and forecasting of the environmental impacts of smoke. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022-11-02 2022-11-16 /pmc/articles/PMC10078447/ /pubmed/37035763 http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2022JD036808 Text en © 2022. The Authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Ye, Xinxin
Saide, Pablo E.
Hair, Johnathan
Fenn, Marta
Shingler, Taylor
Soja, Amber
Gargulinski, Emily
Wiggins, Elizabeth
Assessing Vertical Allocation of Wildfire Smoke Emissions Using Observational Constraints From Airborne Lidar in the Western U.S.
title Assessing Vertical Allocation of Wildfire Smoke Emissions Using Observational Constraints From Airborne Lidar in the Western U.S.
title_full Assessing Vertical Allocation of Wildfire Smoke Emissions Using Observational Constraints From Airborne Lidar in the Western U.S.
title_fullStr Assessing Vertical Allocation of Wildfire Smoke Emissions Using Observational Constraints From Airborne Lidar in the Western U.S.
title_full_unstemmed Assessing Vertical Allocation of Wildfire Smoke Emissions Using Observational Constraints From Airborne Lidar in the Western U.S.
title_short Assessing Vertical Allocation of Wildfire Smoke Emissions Using Observational Constraints From Airborne Lidar in the Western U.S.
title_sort assessing vertical allocation of wildfire smoke emissions using observational constraints from airborne lidar in the western u.s.
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10078447/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37035763
http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2022JD036808
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