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Epidemic versus endemic West Nile virus dead bird surveillance in California: Changes in sensitivity and focus

Since 2003, the California West Nile virus (WNV) dead bird surveillance program (DBSP) has monitored publicly reported dead birds for WNV surveillance and response. In the current paper, we compared DBSP data from early epidemic years (2004–2006) with recent endemic years (2018–2020), with a focus o...

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Autores principales: Foss, Leslie, Feiszli, Tina, Kramer, Vicki L., Reisen, William K., Padgett, Kerry
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10079120/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37023091
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0284039
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author Foss, Leslie
Feiszli, Tina
Kramer, Vicki L.
Reisen, William K.
Padgett, Kerry
author_facet Foss, Leslie
Feiszli, Tina
Kramer, Vicki L.
Reisen, William K.
Padgett, Kerry
author_sort Foss, Leslie
collection PubMed
description Since 2003, the California West Nile virus (WNV) dead bird surveillance program (DBSP) has monitored publicly reported dead birds for WNV surveillance and response. In the current paper, we compared DBSP data from early epidemic years (2004–2006) with recent endemic years (2018–2020), with a focus on specimen collection criteria, county report incidence, bird species selection, WNV prevalence in dead birds, and utility of the DBSP as an early environmental indicator of WNV. Although fewer agencies collected dead birds in recent years, most vector control agencies with consistent WNV activity continued to use dead birds as a surveillance tool, with streamlined operations enhancing efficiency. The number of dead bird reports was approximately ten times greater during 2004–2006 compared to 2018–2020, with reports from the Central Valley and portions of Southern California decreasing substantially in recent years; reports from the San Francisco Bay Area decreased less dramatically. Seven of ten counties with high numbers of dead bird reports were also high human WNV case burden areas. Dead corvid, sparrow, and quail reports decreased the most compared to other bird species reports. West Nile virus positive dead birds were the most frequent first indicators of WNV activity by county in 2004–2006, followed by positive mosquitoes; in contrast, during 2018–2020 mosquitoes were the most frequent first indicators followed by dead birds, and initial environmental WNV detections occurred later in the season during 2018–2020. Evidence for WNV impacts on avian populations and susceptibility are discussed. Although patterns of dead bird reports and WNV prevalence in tested dead birds have changed, dead birds have endured as a useful element within our multi-faceted WNV surveillance program.
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spelling pubmed-100791202023-04-07 Epidemic versus endemic West Nile virus dead bird surveillance in California: Changes in sensitivity and focus Foss, Leslie Feiszli, Tina Kramer, Vicki L. Reisen, William K. Padgett, Kerry PLoS One Research Article Since 2003, the California West Nile virus (WNV) dead bird surveillance program (DBSP) has monitored publicly reported dead birds for WNV surveillance and response. In the current paper, we compared DBSP data from early epidemic years (2004–2006) with recent endemic years (2018–2020), with a focus on specimen collection criteria, county report incidence, bird species selection, WNV prevalence in dead birds, and utility of the DBSP as an early environmental indicator of WNV. Although fewer agencies collected dead birds in recent years, most vector control agencies with consistent WNV activity continued to use dead birds as a surveillance tool, with streamlined operations enhancing efficiency. The number of dead bird reports was approximately ten times greater during 2004–2006 compared to 2018–2020, with reports from the Central Valley and portions of Southern California decreasing substantially in recent years; reports from the San Francisco Bay Area decreased less dramatically. Seven of ten counties with high numbers of dead bird reports were also high human WNV case burden areas. Dead corvid, sparrow, and quail reports decreased the most compared to other bird species reports. West Nile virus positive dead birds were the most frequent first indicators of WNV activity by county in 2004–2006, followed by positive mosquitoes; in contrast, during 2018–2020 mosquitoes were the most frequent first indicators followed by dead birds, and initial environmental WNV detections occurred later in the season during 2018–2020. Evidence for WNV impacts on avian populations and susceptibility are discussed. Although patterns of dead bird reports and WNV prevalence in tested dead birds have changed, dead birds have endured as a useful element within our multi-faceted WNV surveillance program. Public Library of Science 2023-04-06 /pmc/articles/PMC10079120/ /pubmed/37023091 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0284039 Text en © 2023 Foss et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Foss, Leslie
Feiszli, Tina
Kramer, Vicki L.
Reisen, William K.
Padgett, Kerry
Epidemic versus endemic West Nile virus dead bird surveillance in California: Changes in sensitivity and focus
title Epidemic versus endemic West Nile virus dead bird surveillance in California: Changes in sensitivity and focus
title_full Epidemic versus endemic West Nile virus dead bird surveillance in California: Changes in sensitivity and focus
title_fullStr Epidemic versus endemic West Nile virus dead bird surveillance in California: Changes in sensitivity and focus
title_full_unstemmed Epidemic versus endemic West Nile virus dead bird surveillance in California: Changes in sensitivity and focus
title_short Epidemic versus endemic West Nile virus dead bird surveillance in California: Changes in sensitivity and focus
title_sort epidemic versus endemic west nile virus dead bird surveillance in california: changes in sensitivity and focus
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10079120/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37023091
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0284039
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