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Using Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict Patient Portal Use Among Emergency Department Patients With Diabetes Mellitus

BACKGROUND: Different machine learning (ML) technologies have been applied in healthcare systems with diverse applications. We aimed to determine the model feasibility and accuracy of predicting patient portal use among diabetic patients by using six different ML algorithms. In addition, we also com...

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Autores principales: Zhou, Yuan, Swoboda, Thomas K., Ye, Zehao, Barbaro, Michael, Blalock, Jake, Zheng, Danny, Wang, Hao
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elmer Press 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10079369/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37035847
http://dx.doi.org/10.14740/jocmr4862
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author Zhou, Yuan
Swoboda, Thomas K.
Ye, Zehao
Barbaro, Michael
Blalock, Jake
Zheng, Danny
Wang, Hao
author_facet Zhou, Yuan
Swoboda, Thomas K.
Ye, Zehao
Barbaro, Michael
Blalock, Jake
Zheng, Danny
Wang, Hao
author_sort Zhou, Yuan
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Different machine learning (ML) technologies have been applied in healthcare systems with diverse applications. We aimed to determine the model feasibility and accuracy of predicting patient portal use among diabetic patients by using six different ML algorithms. In addition, we also compared model performance accuracy with the use of only essential variables. METHODS: This was a single-center retrospective observational study. From March 1, 2019 to February 28, 2020, we included all diabetic patients from the study emergency department (ED). The primary outcome was the status of patient portal use. A total of 18 variables consisting of patient sociodemographic characteristics, ED and clinic information, and patient medical conditions were included to predict patient portal use. Six ML algorithms (logistic regression, random forest (RF), deep forest, decision tree, multilayer perception, and support vector machine) were used for such predictions. During the initial step, ML predictions were performed with all variables. Then, the essential variables were chosen via feature selection. Patient portal use predictions were repeated with only essential variables. The performance accuracies (overall accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC)) of patient portal predictions were compared. RESULTS: A total of 77,977 unique patients were placed in our final analysis. Among them, 23.4% (18,223) patients were diabetic mellitus (DM). Patient portal use was found in 26.9% of DM patients. Overall, the accuracy of predicting patient portal use was above 80% among five out of six ML algorithms. The RF outperformed the others when all variables were used for patient portal predictions (accuracy 0.9876, sensitivity 0.9454, specificity 0.9969, and AUC 0.9712). When only eight essential variables were chosen, RF still outperformed the others (accuracy 0.9876, sensitivity 0.9374, specificity 0.9932, and AUC 0.9769). CONCLUSION: It is possible to predict patient portal use outcomes when different ML algorithms are used with fair performance accuracy. However, with similar prediction accuracies, the use of feature selection techniques can improve the interpretability of the model by addressing the most relevant features.
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spelling pubmed-100793692023-04-07 Using Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict Patient Portal Use Among Emergency Department Patients With Diabetes Mellitus Zhou, Yuan Swoboda, Thomas K. Ye, Zehao Barbaro, Michael Blalock, Jake Zheng, Danny Wang, Hao J Clin Med Res Original Article BACKGROUND: Different machine learning (ML) technologies have been applied in healthcare systems with diverse applications. We aimed to determine the model feasibility and accuracy of predicting patient portal use among diabetic patients by using six different ML algorithms. In addition, we also compared model performance accuracy with the use of only essential variables. METHODS: This was a single-center retrospective observational study. From March 1, 2019 to February 28, 2020, we included all diabetic patients from the study emergency department (ED). The primary outcome was the status of patient portal use. A total of 18 variables consisting of patient sociodemographic characteristics, ED and clinic information, and patient medical conditions were included to predict patient portal use. Six ML algorithms (logistic regression, random forest (RF), deep forest, decision tree, multilayer perception, and support vector machine) were used for such predictions. During the initial step, ML predictions were performed with all variables. Then, the essential variables were chosen via feature selection. Patient portal use predictions were repeated with only essential variables. The performance accuracies (overall accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC)) of patient portal predictions were compared. RESULTS: A total of 77,977 unique patients were placed in our final analysis. Among them, 23.4% (18,223) patients were diabetic mellitus (DM). Patient portal use was found in 26.9% of DM patients. Overall, the accuracy of predicting patient portal use was above 80% among five out of six ML algorithms. The RF outperformed the others when all variables were used for patient portal predictions (accuracy 0.9876, sensitivity 0.9454, specificity 0.9969, and AUC 0.9712). When only eight essential variables were chosen, RF still outperformed the others (accuracy 0.9876, sensitivity 0.9374, specificity 0.9932, and AUC 0.9769). CONCLUSION: It is possible to predict patient portal use outcomes when different ML algorithms are used with fair performance accuracy. However, with similar prediction accuracies, the use of feature selection techniques can improve the interpretability of the model by addressing the most relevant features. Elmer Press 2023-03 2023-03-28 /pmc/articles/PMC10079369/ /pubmed/37035847 http://dx.doi.org/10.14740/jocmr4862 Text en Copyright 2023, Zhou et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Zhou, Yuan
Swoboda, Thomas K.
Ye, Zehao
Barbaro, Michael
Blalock, Jake
Zheng, Danny
Wang, Hao
Using Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict Patient Portal Use Among Emergency Department Patients With Diabetes Mellitus
title Using Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict Patient Portal Use Among Emergency Department Patients With Diabetes Mellitus
title_full Using Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict Patient Portal Use Among Emergency Department Patients With Diabetes Mellitus
title_fullStr Using Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict Patient Portal Use Among Emergency Department Patients With Diabetes Mellitus
title_full_unstemmed Using Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict Patient Portal Use Among Emergency Department Patients With Diabetes Mellitus
title_short Using Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict Patient Portal Use Among Emergency Department Patients With Diabetes Mellitus
title_sort using machine learning algorithms to predict patient portal use among emergency department patients with diabetes mellitus
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10079369/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37035847
http://dx.doi.org/10.14740/jocmr4862
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