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Long-term simulated microgravity alters gut microbiota and metabolome in mice

Spaceflight and microgravity has a significant impact on the immune, central nervous, bone, and muscle support and cardiovascular systems. However, limited studies are available on the adverse effects of long-term microgravity on the intestinal microbiota, metabolism, and its relationships. In this...

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Autores principales: Yuan, Lu, Zhang, Rong, Li, Xinlou, Gao, Caiyun, Hu, Xiangnan, Hussain, Safdar, Zhang, Linlin, Wang, Moye, Ma, Xiaoyu, Pan, Qiuxia, Lou, Xiaotong, Si, Shaoyan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10080065/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37032862
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1100747
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author Yuan, Lu
Zhang, Rong
Li, Xinlou
Gao, Caiyun
Hu, Xiangnan
Hussain, Safdar
Zhang, Linlin
Wang, Moye
Ma, Xiaoyu
Pan, Qiuxia
Lou, Xiaotong
Si, Shaoyan
author_facet Yuan, Lu
Zhang, Rong
Li, Xinlou
Gao, Caiyun
Hu, Xiangnan
Hussain, Safdar
Zhang, Linlin
Wang, Moye
Ma, Xiaoyu
Pan, Qiuxia
Lou, Xiaotong
Si, Shaoyan
author_sort Yuan, Lu
collection PubMed
description Spaceflight and microgravity has a significant impact on the immune, central nervous, bone, and muscle support and cardiovascular systems. However, limited studies are available on the adverse effects of long-term microgravity on the intestinal microbiota, metabolism, and its relationships. In this study, a ground-based simulated microgravity (SMG) mouse model was established to evaluate the impact of long-term microgravity on gut microbiota and metabolome. After 8 weeks of SMG, alterations of the intestinal microbiota and metabolites were detected using 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics. Compared to the control, no significant differences in α-diversity were observed at weeks 2, 4 and 8. Nevertheless, there were clear differences in community structures at different time points. The phylum Verrucomicrobia significantly declined from 2 to 8 weeks of SMG, yet the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Deferribacteres expanded remarkably at weeks 8. SMG decreased the genus of Allobaculum and increased Bacteroides significantly throughout the period of 8 weeks. Besides, Genus Akkermansia, Gracilibacter, Prevotella, Odoribacter, Rothia, Sporosarcina, Gracilibacter, Clostridium, and Mucispirillum were identified as biomarkers for SMG group. Desulfovibrio_c21_c20, Akkermansia_muciniphila, and Ruminococcus_gnavus dropped at week 2, which tend to recover at week 4, except for Akkermansia_muciniphila. Bacteroides_uniformis and Faecalibacterium_prausnitzii declined significantly, while Ruminococcus_flavefaciens and Mucispirillum_schaedleri elevated at week 8. Furthermore, intestinal metabolome analysis showed that 129 were upregulated and 146 metabolites were downregulated in SMG. Long-term SMG most affected steroid hormone biosynthesis, tryptophan, cysteine, methionine, arginine, proline metabolism, and histidine metabolism. Correlated analysis suggested that the potential beneficial taxa Allobaculum, Akkermansia, and Faecalibacterium were negatively associated with tryptophan, histidine, arginine, and proline metabolism, but positively with steroid hormone biosynthesis. Yet Bacteroides, Lachnospiraceae_Clostridium, Rothia, Bilophila, and Coprococcus were positively correlated with arginine, proline, tryptophan, and histidine metabolism, while negatively associated with steroid hormone biosynthesis. These results suggest that Long-term SMG altered the community of intestinal microbiota, and then further disturbed intestinal metabolites and metabolic pathways, which have great potential to help understand and provide clues for revealing the mechanisms of long-term SMG involved diseases.
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spelling pubmed-100800652023-04-08 Long-term simulated microgravity alters gut microbiota and metabolome in mice Yuan, Lu Zhang, Rong Li, Xinlou Gao, Caiyun Hu, Xiangnan Hussain, Safdar Zhang, Linlin Wang, Moye Ma, Xiaoyu Pan, Qiuxia Lou, Xiaotong Si, Shaoyan Front Microbiol Microbiology Spaceflight and microgravity has a significant impact on the immune, central nervous, bone, and muscle support and cardiovascular systems. However, limited studies are available on the adverse effects of long-term microgravity on the intestinal microbiota, metabolism, and its relationships. In this study, a ground-based simulated microgravity (SMG) mouse model was established to evaluate the impact of long-term microgravity on gut microbiota and metabolome. After 8 weeks of SMG, alterations of the intestinal microbiota and metabolites were detected using 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics. Compared to the control, no significant differences in α-diversity were observed at weeks 2, 4 and 8. Nevertheless, there were clear differences in community structures at different time points. The phylum Verrucomicrobia significantly declined from 2 to 8 weeks of SMG, yet the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Deferribacteres expanded remarkably at weeks 8. SMG decreased the genus of Allobaculum and increased Bacteroides significantly throughout the period of 8 weeks. Besides, Genus Akkermansia, Gracilibacter, Prevotella, Odoribacter, Rothia, Sporosarcina, Gracilibacter, Clostridium, and Mucispirillum were identified as biomarkers for SMG group. Desulfovibrio_c21_c20, Akkermansia_muciniphila, and Ruminococcus_gnavus dropped at week 2, which tend to recover at week 4, except for Akkermansia_muciniphila. Bacteroides_uniformis and Faecalibacterium_prausnitzii declined significantly, while Ruminococcus_flavefaciens and Mucispirillum_schaedleri elevated at week 8. Furthermore, intestinal metabolome analysis showed that 129 were upregulated and 146 metabolites were downregulated in SMG. Long-term SMG most affected steroid hormone biosynthesis, tryptophan, cysteine, methionine, arginine, proline metabolism, and histidine metabolism. Correlated analysis suggested that the potential beneficial taxa Allobaculum, Akkermansia, and Faecalibacterium were negatively associated with tryptophan, histidine, arginine, and proline metabolism, but positively with steroid hormone biosynthesis. Yet Bacteroides, Lachnospiraceae_Clostridium, Rothia, Bilophila, and Coprococcus were positively correlated with arginine, proline, tryptophan, and histidine metabolism, while negatively associated with steroid hormone biosynthesis. These results suggest that Long-term SMG altered the community of intestinal microbiota, and then further disturbed intestinal metabolites and metabolic pathways, which have great potential to help understand and provide clues for revealing the mechanisms of long-term SMG involved diseases. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-03-24 /pmc/articles/PMC10080065/ /pubmed/37032862 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1100747 Text en Copyright © 2023 Yuan, Zhang, Li, Gao, Hu, Hussain, Zhang, Wang, Ma, Pan, Lou and Si. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Yuan, Lu
Zhang, Rong
Li, Xinlou
Gao, Caiyun
Hu, Xiangnan
Hussain, Safdar
Zhang, Linlin
Wang, Moye
Ma, Xiaoyu
Pan, Qiuxia
Lou, Xiaotong
Si, Shaoyan
Long-term simulated microgravity alters gut microbiota and metabolome in mice
title Long-term simulated microgravity alters gut microbiota and metabolome in mice
title_full Long-term simulated microgravity alters gut microbiota and metabolome in mice
title_fullStr Long-term simulated microgravity alters gut microbiota and metabolome in mice
title_full_unstemmed Long-term simulated microgravity alters gut microbiota and metabolome in mice
title_short Long-term simulated microgravity alters gut microbiota and metabolome in mice
title_sort long-term simulated microgravity alters gut microbiota and metabolome in mice
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10080065/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37032862
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1100747
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