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Prevalence of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Among Electronic Cigarette-Smoking University Students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Background Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common gastrointestinal tract diseases. Although there is a strong association between smoking and GERD, it is poorly understood until now. Electronic cigarettes (E-cigarettes) are widely used nowadays. So, our study aimed to inves...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Cureus
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10080981/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37033588 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.35890 |
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author | Alturki, Nouf A Alghamdi, Rahaf A Almehmadi, Raghad G Derar, Rafeef M Waznah, Roba M Niyazi, Rose A Hasrat, Ghaidaa S Alfayez, Fayza F Elsamanoudy, Ayman |
author_facet | Alturki, Nouf A Alghamdi, Rahaf A Almehmadi, Raghad G Derar, Rafeef M Waznah, Roba M Niyazi, Rose A Hasrat, Ghaidaa S Alfayez, Fayza F Elsamanoudy, Ayman |
author_sort | Alturki, Nouf A |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common gastrointestinal tract diseases. Although there is a strong association between smoking and GERD, it is poorly understood until now. Electronic cigarettes (E-cigarettes) are widely used nowadays. So, our study aimed to investigate the prevalence of GERD among all Jeddah university students and its relation to E-cigarette smoking. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted among university students of all specialties in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, using an online questionnaire to collect data distributed in a Google Form (Google LLC, Mountain View, California, United States) from August to November 2022. Results This study included 397 students, 36.5% of whom were from 18 to 20 years old, and the majority were females (69.3%). Of the participants, 43.8% were non-smokers, 13.1% were ex-smokers, and 43.1% currently smoked; of the last, 13.6% smoked tobacco cigarettes, 17.6% smoked hookah, and 35% were current E-cigarette smokers. The study found that among the participants, 19.9% had GERD based on the GerdQ, with females having a significantly higher percentage of GERD. A weak association was found between the prevalence of GERD and smoking cigarettes (p=0.49), hookah (p=0.988 ), and E-cigarettes (p=0.788 ) but this could be attributed to the high BMI. Conclusion E-cigarette smoking is more prevalent among university students in Jeddah than traditional cigarettes or hookah. However, there was no statistically significant link between E-cigarette smoking and GERD. High BMI could be a superadded factor. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10080981 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Cureus |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-100809812023-04-08 Prevalence of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Among Electronic Cigarette-Smoking University Students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Alturki, Nouf A Alghamdi, Rahaf A Almehmadi, Raghad G Derar, Rafeef M Waznah, Roba M Niyazi, Rose A Hasrat, Ghaidaa S Alfayez, Fayza F Elsamanoudy, Ayman Cureus Family/General Practice Background Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common gastrointestinal tract diseases. Although there is a strong association between smoking and GERD, it is poorly understood until now. Electronic cigarettes (E-cigarettes) are widely used nowadays. So, our study aimed to investigate the prevalence of GERD among all Jeddah university students and its relation to E-cigarette smoking. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted among university students of all specialties in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, using an online questionnaire to collect data distributed in a Google Form (Google LLC, Mountain View, California, United States) from August to November 2022. Results This study included 397 students, 36.5% of whom were from 18 to 20 years old, and the majority were females (69.3%). Of the participants, 43.8% were non-smokers, 13.1% were ex-smokers, and 43.1% currently smoked; of the last, 13.6% smoked tobacco cigarettes, 17.6% smoked hookah, and 35% were current E-cigarette smokers. The study found that among the participants, 19.9% had GERD based on the GerdQ, with females having a significantly higher percentage of GERD. A weak association was found between the prevalence of GERD and smoking cigarettes (p=0.49), hookah (p=0.988 ), and E-cigarettes (p=0.788 ) but this could be attributed to the high BMI. Conclusion E-cigarette smoking is more prevalent among university students in Jeddah than traditional cigarettes or hookah. However, there was no statistically significant link between E-cigarette smoking and GERD. High BMI could be a superadded factor. Cureus 2023-03-08 /pmc/articles/PMC10080981/ /pubmed/37033588 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.35890 Text en Copyright © 2023, Alturki et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Family/General Practice Alturki, Nouf A Alghamdi, Rahaf A Almehmadi, Raghad G Derar, Rafeef M Waznah, Roba M Niyazi, Rose A Hasrat, Ghaidaa S Alfayez, Fayza F Elsamanoudy, Ayman Prevalence of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Among Electronic Cigarette-Smoking University Students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia |
title | Prevalence of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Among Electronic Cigarette-Smoking University Students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia |
title_full | Prevalence of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Among Electronic Cigarette-Smoking University Students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia |
title_fullStr | Prevalence of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Among Electronic Cigarette-Smoking University Students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia |
title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Among Electronic Cigarette-Smoking University Students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia |
title_short | Prevalence of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Among Electronic Cigarette-Smoking University Students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia |
title_sort | prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (gerd) among electronic cigarette-smoking university students in jeddah, saudi arabia |
topic | Family/General Practice |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10080981/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37033588 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.35890 |
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