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Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum and Subcutaneous Emphysema in Dermatomyositis: A Case Series and Literature Review

BACKGROUND: Spontaneous pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema are rare and serious complications of dermatomyositis (DM). CASE PRESENTATION: Our article presents two clinically heterogeneous cases of DM who developed pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema. The first was a 24-year-old la...

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Autores principales: Subki, Ahmed Hussein, Almani, Ibraheem Mohammed, Albeity, Abdurahman, Aljabri, Bandari Khalid, Alsolaimani, Roaa, Halabi, Hussein
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Dove 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10081667/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37034473
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/JIR.S389839
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author Subki, Ahmed Hussein
Almani, Ibraheem Mohammed
Albeity, Abdurahman
Aljabri, Bandari Khalid
Alsolaimani, Roaa
Halabi, Hussein
author_facet Subki, Ahmed Hussein
Almani, Ibraheem Mohammed
Albeity, Abdurahman
Aljabri, Bandari Khalid
Alsolaimani, Roaa
Halabi, Hussein
author_sort Subki, Ahmed Hussein
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Spontaneous pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema are rare and serious complications of dermatomyositis (DM). CASE PRESENTATION: Our article presents two clinically heterogeneous cases of DM who developed pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema. The first was a 24-year-old lady with a recently diagnosed DM. She developed rapidly progressive pneumonia, interstitial lung disease (ILD), pneumomediastinum, subcutaneous emphysema, and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). She died despite treatment with steroids and immunosuppressants (methotrexate and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF)). The second was a 30-year-old man diagnosed with amyopathic DM. He developed pneumomediastinum prior to ILD, which worsened over time, and subcutaneous emphysema evolved. However, he recovered completely after corticosteroid, MMF, and rituximab. CONCLUSION: Spontaneous pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema may complicate DM. Corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and respiratory support are the mainstay of management for these conditions. Though they were reported to carry a poor prognostic value, the course and outcome are highly variable among the cases.
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spelling pubmed-100816672023-04-08 Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum and Subcutaneous Emphysema in Dermatomyositis: A Case Series and Literature Review Subki, Ahmed Hussein Almani, Ibraheem Mohammed Albeity, Abdurahman Aljabri, Bandari Khalid Alsolaimani, Roaa Halabi, Hussein J Inflamm Res Case Series BACKGROUND: Spontaneous pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema are rare and serious complications of dermatomyositis (DM). CASE PRESENTATION: Our article presents two clinically heterogeneous cases of DM who developed pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema. The first was a 24-year-old lady with a recently diagnosed DM. She developed rapidly progressive pneumonia, interstitial lung disease (ILD), pneumomediastinum, subcutaneous emphysema, and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). She died despite treatment with steroids and immunosuppressants (methotrexate and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF)). The second was a 30-year-old man diagnosed with amyopathic DM. He developed pneumomediastinum prior to ILD, which worsened over time, and subcutaneous emphysema evolved. However, he recovered completely after corticosteroid, MMF, and rituximab. CONCLUSION: Spontaneous pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema may complicate DM. Corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and respiratory support are the mainstay of management for these conditions. Though they were reported to carry a poor prognostic value, the course and outcome are highly variable among the cases. Dove 2023-04-03 /pmc/articles/PMC10081667/ /pubmed/37034473 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/JIR.S389839 Text en © 2023 Subki et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) ). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).
spellingShingle Case Series
Subki, Ahmed Hussein
Almani, Ibraheem Mohammed
Albeity, Abdurahman
Aljabri, Bandari Khalid
Alsolaimani, Roaa
Halabi, Hussein
Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum and Subcutaneous Emphysema in Dermatomyositis: A Case Series and Literature Review
title Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum and Subcutaneous Emphysema in Dermatomyositis: A Case Series and Literature Review
title_full Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum and Subcutaneous Emphysema in Dermatomyositis: A Case Series and Literature Review
title_fullStr Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum and Subcutaneous Emphysema in Dermatomyositis: A Case Series and Literature Review
title_full_unstemmed Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum and Subcutaneous Emphysema in Dermatomyositis: A Case Series and Literature Review
title_short Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum and Subcutaneous Emphysema in Dermatomyositis: A Case Series and Literature Review
title_sort spontaneous pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema in dermatomyositis: a case series and literature review
topic Case Series
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10081667/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37034473
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/JIR.S389839
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