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Metabolomics based on GC-MS revealed hub metabolites of pecan seeds germinating at different temperatures

BACKGROUND: As an important plant source of food and edible oils, pecans are rich in metabolites. Few studies have focused on metabolites involved in pecan seed germination at different temperatures. RESULTS: In our study, we germinated pecan seeds at different temperatures and found that, the germi...

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Autores principales: Xue, Tingting, Liu, Sian, Liu, Jia, Yuan, Yingdan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10084692/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37038116
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-023-04209-8
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author Xue, Tingting
Liu, Sian
Liu, Jia
Yuan, Yingdan
author_facet Xue, Tingting
Liu, Sian
Liu, Jia
Yuan, Yingdan
author_sort Xue, Tingting
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: As an important plant source of food and edible oils, pecans are rich in metabolites. Few studies have focused on metabolites involved in pecan seed germination at different temperatures. RESULTS: In our study, we germinated pecan seeds at different temperatures and found that, the germination rate and water content were highest at 30°C. It was found that the radicle of pecan seeds could sense seed coat cracking by observing the microstructure and cell ultra-structure of the seeds at the early stage of germination. We compared the metabolomes of seeds at different temperatures with different germination processes. A total of 349 metabolites were identified, including 138 primary metabolites and 211 secondary metabolites. KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that the differential metabolites were mainly enriched in the metabolic pathways, amino acid synthesis pathways and ABC transporters. Using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), three modules of closely related metabolites were identified. In the brown module, most of hub metabolites were amino substances, whereas in the blue module, many hub metabolites were sugars. CONCLUSIONS: Amino acids and carbohydrates play an important role in pecan seed germination. Differential metaboliteanalysis showed that 30°C was the temperature at which metabolites differed most significantly. This study provides useful information for further research on the seedling establishment of pecan seeds. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12870-023-04209-8.
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spelling pubmed-100846922023-04-11 Metabolomics based on GC-MS revealed hub metabolites of pecan seeds germinating at different temperatures Xue, Tingting Liu, Sian Liu, Jia Yuan, Yingdan BMC Plant Biol Research BACKGROUND: As an important plant source of food and edible oils, pecans are rich in metabolites. Few studies have focused on metabolites involved in pecan seed germination at different temperatures. RESULTS: In our study, we germinated pecan seeds at different temperatures and found that, the germination rate and water content were highest at 30°C. It was found that the radicle of pecan seeds could sense seed coat cracking by observing the microstructure and cell ultra-structure of the seeds at the early stage of germination. We compared the metabolomes of seeds at different temperatures with different germination processes. A total of 349 metabolites were identified, including 138 primary metabolites and 211 secondary metabolites. KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that the differential metabolites were mainly enriched in the metabolic pathways, amino acid synthesis pathways and ABC transporters. Using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), three modules of closely related metabolites were identified. In the brown module, most of hub metabolites were amino substances, whereas in the blue module, many hub metabolites were sugars. CONCLUSIONS: Amino acids and carbohydrates play an important role in pecan seed germination. Differential metaboliteanalysis showed that 30°C was the temperature at which metabolites differed most significantly. This study provides useful information for further research on the seedling establishment of pecan seeds. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12870-023-04209-8. BioMed Central 2023-04-10 /pmc/articles/PMC10084692/ /pubmed/37038116 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-023-04209-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Xue, Tingting
Liu, Sian
Liu, Jia
Yuan, Yingdan
Metabolomics based on GC-MS revealed hub metabolites of pecan seeds germinating at different temperatures
title Metabolomics based on GC-MS revealed hub metabolites of pecan seeds germinating at different temperatures
title_full Metabolomics based on GC-MS revealed hub metabolites of pecan seeds germinating at different temperatures
title_fullStr Metabolomics based on GC-MS revealed hub metabolites of pecan seeds germinating at different temperatures
title_full_unstemmed Metabolomics based on GC-MS revealed hub metabolites of pecan seeds germinating at different temperatures
title_short Metabolomics based on GC-MS revealed hub metabolites of pecan seeds germinating at different temperatures
title_sort metabolomics based on gc-ms revealed hub metabolites of pecan seeds germinating at different temperatures
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10084692/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37038116
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-023-04209-8
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AT liujia metabolomicsbasedongcmsrevealedhubmetabolitesofpecanseedsgerminatingatdifferenttemperatures
AT yuanyingdan metabolomicsbasedongcmsrevealedhubmetabolitesofpecanseedsgerminatingatdifferenttemperatures