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Speciesism in everyday language
Speciesism, like other forms of prejudice, is thought to be underpinned by biased patterns of language use. Thus far, however, psychological science has primarily focused on how speciesism is reflected in individuals' thoughts as opposed to wider collective systems of meaning such as language....
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10086848/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35906832 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bjso.12561 |
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author | Leach, Stefan Kitchin, Andrew P. Sutton, Robbie M. Dhont, Kristof |
author_facet | Leach, Stefan Kitchin, Andrew P. Sutton, Robbie M. Dhont, Kristof |
author_sort | Leach, Stefan |
collection | PubMed |
description | Speciesism, like other forms of prejudice, is thought to be underpinned by biased patterns of language use. Thus far, however, psychological science has primarily focused on how speciesism is reflected in individuals' thoughts as opposed to wider collective systems of meaning such as language. We present a large‐scale quantitative test of speciesism by applying machine‐learning methods (word embeddings) to billions of English words derived from conversation, film, books, and the Internet. We found evidence of anthropocentric speciesism: words denoting concern (vs. indifference) and value (vs. valueless) were more closely associated with words denoting humans compared to many other animals. We also found evidence of companion animal speciesism: the same words were more closely associated with words denoting companion animals compared to most other animals. The work describes speciesism as a pervasive collective phenomenon that is evident in a naturally occurring expression of human psychology – everyday language. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10086848 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-100868482023-04-12 Speciesism in everyday language Leach, Stefan Kitchin, Andrew P. Sutton, Robbie M. Dhont, Kristof Br J Soc Psychol Articles Speciesism, like other forms of prejudice, is thought to be underpinned by biased patterns of language use. Thus far, however, psychological science has primarily focused on how speciesism is reflected in individuals' thoughts as opposed to wider collective systems of meaning such as language. We present a large‐scale quantitative test of speciesism by applying machine‐learning methods (word embeddings) to billions of English words derived from conversation, film, books, and the Internet. We found evidence of anthropocentric speciesism: words denoting concern (vs. indifference) and value (vs. valueless) were more closely associated with words denoting humans compared to many other animals. We also found evidence of companion animal speciesism: the same words were more closely associated with words denoting companion animals compared to most other animals. The work describes speciesism as a pervasive collective phenomenon that is evident in a naturally occurring expression of human psychology – everyday language. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022-07-30 2023-01 /pmc/articles/PMC10086848/ /pubmed/35906832 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bjso.12561 Text en © 2022 The Authors. British Journal of Social Psychology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Psychological Society. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Articles Leach, Stefan Kitchin, Andrew P. Sutton, Robbie M. Dhont, Kristof Speciesism in everyday language |
title | Speciesism in everyday language |
title_full | Speciesism in everyday language |
title_fullStr | Speciesism in everyday language |
title_full_unstemmed | Speciesism in everyday language |
title_short | Speciesism in everyday language |
title_sort | speciesism in everyday language |
topic | Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10086848/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35906832 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bjso.12561 |
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