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Analysis of the 24-h activity cycle: An illustration examining the association with cognitive function in the Adult Changes in Thought study
The 24-h activity cycle (24HAC) is a new paradigm for studying activity behaviors in relation to health outcomes. This approach inherently captures the interrelatedness of the daily time spent in physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB), and sleep. We describe three popular approaches for mod...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10087899/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37057157 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1083344 |
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author | Wu, Yinxiang Rosenberg, Dori E. Greenwood-Hickman, Mikael Anne McCurry, Susan M. Proust-Lima, Cécile Nelson, Jennifer C. Crane, Paul K. LaCroix, Andrea Z. Larson, Eric B. Shaw, Pamela A. |
author_facet | Wu, Yinxiang Rosenberg, Dori E. Greenwood-Hickman, Mikael Anne McCurry, Susan M. Proust-Lima, Cécile Nelson, Jennifer C. Crane, Paul K. LaCroix, Andrea Z. Larson, Eric B. Shaw, Pamela A. |
author_sort | Wu, Yinxiang |
collection | PubMed |
description | The 24-h activity cycle (24HAC) is a new paradigm for studying activity behaviors in relation to health outcomes. This approach inherently captures the interrelatedness of the daily time spent in physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB), and sleep. We describe three popular approaches for modeling outcome associations with the 24HAC exposure. We apply these approaches to assess an association with a cognitive outcome in a cohort of older adults, discuss statistical challenges, and provide guidance on interpretation and selecting an appropriate approach. We compare the use of the isotemporal substitution model (ISM), compositional data analysis (CoDA), and latent profile analysis (LPA) to analyze 24HAC. We illustrate each method by exploring cross-sectional associations with cognition in 1,034 older adults (Mean age = 77; Age range = 65–100; 55.8% female; 90% White) who were part of the Adult Changes in Thought (ACT) Activity Monitoring (ACT-AM) sub-study. PA and SB were assessed with thigh-worn activPAL accelerometers for 7-days. For each method, we fit a multivariable regression model to examine the cross-sectional association between the 24HAC and Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument item response theory (CASI-IRT) score, adjusting for baseline characteristics. We highlight differences in assumptions and the scientific questions addressable by each approach. ISM is easiest to apply and interpret; however, the typical ISM assumes a linear association. CoDA uses an isometric log-ratio transformation to directly model the compositional exposure but can be more challenging to apply and interpret. LPA can serve as an exploratory analysis tool to classify individuals into groups with similar time-use patterns. Inference on associations of latent profiles with health outcomes need to account for the uncertainty of the LPA classifications, which is often ignored. Analyses using the three methods did not suggest that less time spent on SB and more in PA was associated with better cognitive function. The three standard analytical approaches for 24HAC each have advantages and limitations, and selection of the most appropriate method should be guided by the scientific questions of interest and applicability of each model’s assumptions. Further research is needed into the health implications of the distinct 24HAC patterns identified in this cohort. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10087899 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-100878992023-04-12 Analysis of the 24-h activity cycle: An illustration examining the association with cognitive function in the Adult Changes in Thought study Wu, Yinxiang Rosenberg, Dori E. Greenwood-Hickman, Mikael Anne McCurry, Susan M. Proust-Lima, Cécile Nelson, Jennifer C. Crane, Paul K. LaCroix, Andrea Z. Larson, Eric B. Shaw, Pamela A. Front Psychol Psychology The 24-h activity cycle (24HAC) is a new paradigm for studying activity behaviors in relation to health outcomes. This approach inherently captures the interrelatedness of the daily time spent in physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB), and sleep. We describe three popular approaches for modeling outcome associations with the 24HAC exposure. We apply these approaches to assess an association with a cognitive outcome in a cohort of older adults, discuss statistical challenges, and provide guidance on interpretation and selecting an appropriate approach. We compare the use of the isotemporal substitution model (ISM), compositional data analysis (CoDA), and latent profile analysis (LPA) to analyze 24HAC. We illustrate each method by exploring cross-sectional associations with cognition in 1,034 older adults (Mean age = 77; Age range = 65–100; 55.8% female; 90% White) who were part of the Adult Changes in Thought (ACT) Activity Monitoring (ACT-AM) sub-study. PA and SB were assessed with thigh-worn activPAL accelerometers for 7-days. For each method, we fit a multivariable regression model to examine the cross-sectional association between the 24HAC and Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument item response theory (CASI-IRT) score, adjusting for baseline characteristics. We highlight differences in assumptions and the scientific questions addressable by each approach. ISM is easiest to apply and interpret; however, the typical ISM assumes a linear association. CoDA uses an isometric log-ratio transformation to directly model the compositional exposure but can be more challenging to apply and interpret. LPA can serve as an exploratory analysis tool to classify individuals into groups with similar time-use patterns. Inference on associations of latent profiles with health outcomes need to account for the uncertainty of the LPA classifications, which is often ignored. Analyses using the three methods did not suggest that less time spent on SB and more in PA was associated with better cognitive function. The three standard analytical approaches for 24HAC each have advantages and limitations, and selection of the most appropriate method should be guided by the scientific questions of interest and applicability of each model’s assumptions. Further research is needed into the health implications of the distinct 24HAC patterns identified in this cohort. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-03-27 /pmc/articles/PMC10087899/ /pubmed/37057157 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1083344 Text en Copyright © 2023 Wu, Rosenberg, Greenwood-Hickman, McCurry, Proust-Lima, Nelson, Crane, LaCroix, Larson and Shaw. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Psychology Wu, Yinxiang Rosenberg, Dori E. Greenwood-Hickman, Mikael Anne McCurry, Susan M. Proust-Lima, Cécile Nelson, Jennifer C. Crane, Paul K. LaCroix, Andrea Z. Larson, Eric B. Shaw, Pamela A. Analysis of the 24-h activity cycle: An illustration examining the association with cognitive function in the Adult Changes in Thought study |
title | Analysis of the 24-h activity cycle: An illustration examining the association with cognitive function in the Adult Changes in Thought study |
title_full | Analysis of the 24-h activity cycle: An illustration examining the association with cognitive function in the Adult Changes in Thought study |
title_fullStr | Analysis of the 24-h activity cycle: An illustration examining the association with cognitive function in the Adult Changes in Thought study |
title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of the 24-h activity cycle: An illustration examining the association with cognitive function in the Adult Changes in Thought study |
title_short | Analysis of the 24-h activity cycle: An illustration examining the association with cognitive function in the Adult Changes in Thought study |
title_sort | analysis of the 24-h activity cycle: an illustration examining the association with cognitive function in the adult changes in thought study |
topic | Psychology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10087899/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37057157 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1083344 |
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