Glucose Control in Korean Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus according to Body Mass Index

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus has continued to rise. Although many studies have focused on the connection between weight loss and glucose control, only a few studies have investigated the association between body mass index (BMI) and glucose control status. We examined the association between glucose control and obesity. METHODS: We analyzed 3,042 participants with diabetes mellitus who were aged ≥19 years when they participated in the 2014 to 2018 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The participants were divided into four groups according to their BMI (<18.5, 18.5–23, 23–25, and ≥25 kg/m(2)). We used guidelines from the Korean Diabetes Association to compare the glucose control in those groups, with a cross-sectional design, multivariable logistic regression, and glycosylated hemoglobin <6.5% as the reference. RESULTS: Overweight males aged ≥60 years had a high odds ratio (OR) for degraded glucose control (OR, 1.706; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.151 to 2.527). Among obese females, those in the ≥60 years age group showed an increased OR for uncontrolled diabetes (OR, 1.516; 95% CI, 1.025 to 1.892). Moreover, in females, the OR for uncontrolled diabetes tended to increase as the BMI increased (P=0.017). CONCLUSION: Obesity is associated with uncontrolled diabetes in female patients with diabetes who are aged ≥60 years. Physicians should closely monitor this group for diabetes control.