The effect of self-efficacy levels of patients with intestinal stoma on stoma adaptation

OBJECTION: This study was conducted to examine the effect of self-efficacy levels on stoma adaptation in patients with intestinal stoma. METHODS: The study was planned as descriptive and analytical and was carried out in the university adult hospital general surgery stoma and wound care unit. Sixty-two patients with intestinal stoma who met the admission criteria were included in the study. Ethics committee approval, institutional permission and patient consent were obtained for the study. Data were collected from June to September 2021 using the Descriptive Feature Information Form, the Self Efficacy Scale for Individuals with Ostomy, and the Ostomy Adjustment Inventory (OAI-23). Data were analyzed by number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Mann Whitney U, t test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, and linear regression analysis tests. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients with intestinal stoma who participated in our study was 53.12 ± 12.30 years; 71% of them were women, 83.9% were married, and 32.2% were primary and secondary school graduates. The duration of stoma was 8.45 ± 4.69 months, 80.6% of them were opened due to cancer, and 54.8% of them had temporary colostomy. There was a weak and significant correlation between the duration of stoma of the patients and their self-efficacy and stoma adaptation, and as their self-efficacy levels increased, their stoma adaptation increased (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Self-efficacy is one of the important factors affecting patients’ adaptation with the stoma. For this reason, it is recommended to plan trainings to support the self-efficacy levels of patients and to conduct interventional studies in this direction.