Longitudinal effects of early psychosocial deprivation on macaque executive function: Evidence from computational modelling

Executive function (EF) describes a group of cognitive processes underlying the organization and control of goal-directed behaviour. Environmental experience appears to play a crucial role in EF development, with early psychosocial deprivation often linked to EF impairment. However, many questions r...

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Autores principales: Massera, Alice, Bonaiuto, James J., Gautier-Martins, Marine, Costa, Sara, Rayson, Holly, Ferrari, Pier Francesco
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Royal Society 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10089718/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37040804
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2022.1993
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author Massera, Alice
Bonaiuto, James J.
Gautier-Martins, Marine
Costa, Sara
Rayson, Holly
Ferrari, Pier Francesco
author_facet Massera, Alice
Bonaiuto, James J.
Gautier-Martins, Marine
Costa, Sara
Rayson, Holly
Ferrari, Pier Francesco
author_sort Massera, Alice
collection PubMed
description Executive function (EF) describes a group of cognitive processes underlying the organization and control of goal-directed behaviour. Environmental experience appears to play a crucial role in EF development, with early psychosocial deprivation often linked to EF impairment. However, many questions remain concerning the developmental trajectories of EF after exposure to deprivation, especially concerning specific mechanisms. Accordingly, using an ‘A-not-B’ paradigm and a macaque model of early psychosocial deprivation, we investigated how early deprivation influences EF development longitudinally from adolescence into early adulthood. The contribution of working memory and inhibitory control mechanisms were examined specifically via the fitting of a computational model of decision making to the choice behaviour of each individual. As predicted, peer-reared animals (i.e. those exposed to early psychosocial deprivation) performed worse than mother-reared animals across time, with the fitted model parameters yielding novel insights into the functional decomposition of group-level EF differences underlying task performance. Results indicated differential trajectories of inhibitory control and working memory development in the two groups. Such findings not only extend our knowledge of how early deprivation influences EF longitudinally, but also provide support for the utility of computational modelling to elucidate specific mechanisms linking early psychosocial deprivation to long-term poor outcomes.
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spelling pubmed-100897182023-04-12 Longitudinal effects of early psychosocial deprivation on macaque executive function: Evidence from computational modelling Massera, Alice Bonaiuto, James J. Gautier-Martins, Marine Costa, Sara Rayson, Holly Ferrari, Pier Francesco Proc Biol Sci Neuroscience and Cognition Executive function (EF) describes a group of cognitive processes underlying the organization and control of goal-directed behaviour. Environmental experience appears to play a crucial role in EF development, with early psychosocial deprivation often linked to EF impairment. However, many questions remain concerning the developmental trajectories of EF after exposure to deprivation, especially concerning specific mechanisms. Accordingly, using an ‘A-not-B’ paradigm and a macaque model of early psychosocial deprivation, we investigated how early deprivation influences EF development longitudinally from adolescence into early adulthood. The contribution of working memory and inhibitory control mechanisms were examined specifically via the fitting of a computational model of decision making to the choice behaviour of each individual. As predicted, peer-reared animals (i.e. those exposed to early psychosocial deprivation) performed worse than mother-reared animals across time, with the fitted model parameters yielding novel insights into the functional decomposition of group-level EF differences underlying task performance. Results indicated differential trajectories of inhibitory control and working memory development in the two groups. Such findings not only extend our knowledge of how early deprivation influences EF longitudinally, but also provide support for the utility of computational modelling to elucidate specific mechanisms linking early psychosocial deprivation to long-term poor outcomes. The Royal Society 2023-04-12 2023-04-12 /pmc/articles/PMC10089718/ /pubmed/37040804 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2022.1993 Text en © 2023 The Authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Neuroscience and Cognition
Massera, Alice
Bonaiuto, James J.
Gautier-Martins, Marine
Costa, Sara
Rayson, Holly
Ferrari, Pier Francesco
Longitudinal effects of early psychosocial deprivation on macaque executive function: Evidence from computational modelling
title Longitudinal effects of early psychosocial deprivation on macaque executive function: Evidence from computational modelling
title_full Longitudinal effects of early psychosocial deprivation on macaque executive function: Evidence from computational modelling
title_fullStr Longitudinal effects of early psychosocial deprivation on macaque executive function: Evidence from computational modelling
title_full_unstemmed Longitudinal effects of early psychosocial deprivation on macaque executive function: Evidence from computational modelling
title_short Longitudinal effects of early psychosocial deprivation on macaque executive function: Evidence from computational modelling
title_sort longitudinal effects of early psychosocial deprivation on macaque executive function: evidence from computational modelling
topic Neuroscience and Cognition
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10089718/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37040804
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2022.1993
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