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Fish–parasite interaction networks reveal latitudinal and taxonomic trends in the structure of host–parasite associations

In recent years, treating host–parasite associations as bipartite interaction networks has proven a powerful tool to identify structural patterns and their likely causes in communities of fish and their parasites. Network analysis allows for both community-level properties to be computed and investi...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Poulin, Robert, McDougall, Cameron
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cambridge University Press 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10090588/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35768403
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0031182022000944
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author Poulin, Robert
McDougall, Cameron
author_facet Poulin, Robert
McDougall, Cameron
author_sort Poulin, Robert
collection PubMed
description In recent years, treating host–parasite associations as bipartite interaction networks has proven a powerful tool to identify structural patterns and their likely causes in communities of fish and their parasites. Network analysis allows for both community-level properties to be computed and investigated, and species-level roles to be determined. Here, using data from 31 host–parasite interaction networks from local fish communities around the world, we test for latitudinal trends at whole-network level, and taxonomic patterns at individual parasite species level. We found that while controlling for network size (number of species per network), network modularity, or the tendency for the network to be subdivided into groups of species that interact mostly with each other, decreased with increasing latitude. This suggests that tropical fish–parasite networks may be more stable than those from temperate regions in the event of community perturbations, such as species extinction. At the species level, after accounting for the effect of host specificity, we observed no difference in the centrality of parasite species within networks between parasites with different transmission modes. However, species in some taxa, namely branchiurans, acanthocephalans and larval trematodes, generally had higher centrality values than other parasite taxa. Because species with a central position often serve as module connectors, these 3 taxa may play a key role in whole-network cohesion. Our results highlight the usefulness of network analysis to reveal the aspects of fish–parasite community interactions that would otherwise remain hidden and advance our understanding of their evolution.
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spelling pubmed-100905882023-04-13 Fish–parasite interaction networks reveal latitudinal and taxonomic trends in the structure of host–parasite associations Poulin, Robert McDougall, Cameron Parasitology Research Article In recent years, treating host–parasite associations as bipartite interaction networks has proven a powerful tool to identify structural patterns and their likely causes in communities of fish and their parasites. Network analysis allows for both community-level properties to be computed and investigated, and species-level roles to be determined. Here, using data from 31 host–parasite interaction networks from local fish communities around the world, we test for latitudinal trends at whole-network level, and taxonomic patterns at individual parasite species level. We found that while controlling for network size (number of species per network), network modularity, or the tendency for the network to be subdivided into groups of species that interact mostly with each other, decreased with increasing latitude. This suggests that tropical fish–parasite networks may be more stable than those from temperate regions in the event of community perturbations, such as species extinction. At the species level, after accounting for the effect of host specificity, we observed no difference in the centrality of parasite species within networks between parasites with different transmission modes. However, species in some taxa, namely branchiurans, acanthocephalans and larval trematodes, generally had higher centrality values than other parasite taxa. Because species with a central position often serve as module connectors, these 3 taxa may play a key role in whole-network cohesion. Our results highlight the usefulness of network analysis to reveal the aspects of fish–parasite community interactions that would otherwise remain hidden and advance our understanding of their evolution. Cambridge University Press 2022-12 2022-06-30 /pmc/articles/PMC10090588/ /pubmed/35768403 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0031182022000944 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Poulin, Robert
McDougall, Cameron
Fish–parasite interaction networks reveal latitudinal and taxonomic trends in the structure of host–parasite associations
title Fish–parasite interaction networks reveal latitudinal and taxonomic trends in the structure of host–parasite associations
title_full Fish–parasite interaction networks reveal latitudinal and taxonomic trends in the structure of host–parasite associations
title_fullStr Fish–parasite interaction networks reveal latitudinal and taxonomic trends in the structure of host–parasite associations
title_full_unstemmed Fish–parasite interaction networks reveal latitudinal and taxonomic trends in the structure of host–parasite associations
title_short Fish–parasite interaction networks reveal latitudinal and taxonomic trends in the structure of host–parasite associations
title_sort fish–parasite interaction networks reveal latitudinal and taxonomic trends in the structure of host–parasite associations
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10090588/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35768403
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0031182022000944
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