Cargando…
Lithium-induced ciliary lengthening sparks Arp2/3 complex–dependent endocytosis
Ciliary length is highly regulated, but can be disrupted by lithium, which causes ciliary elongation across cell types and organisms. We used the algal system Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to investigate the mechanism behind lithium-induced ciliary elongation. Protein synthesis is not required for lengt...
Autores principales: | , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The American Society for Cell Biology
2023
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10092651/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36753380 http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E22-06-0219 |
_version_ | 1785023397185454080 |
---|---|
author | Bigge, Brae M. Dougherty, Larissa L. Avasthi, Prachee |
author_facet | Bigge, Brae M. Dougherty, Larissa L. Avasthi, Prachee |
author_sort | Bigge, Brae M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Ciliary length is highly regulated, but can be disrupted by lithium, which causes ciliary elongation across cell types and organisms. We used the algal system Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to investigate the mechanism behind lithium-induced ciliary elongation. Protein synthesis is not required for lengthening, and the target of lithium, GSK3, has substrates that can influence membrane dynamics. Further, ciliary assembly requires a supply of ciliary membrane as well as protein. Lithium-treated cilia elongate normally with brefeldin treatment, but dynasore treatment produced defective lengthening suggesting a source of membrane from the cell surface rather than the Golgi. Genetic or chemical perturbation of the Arp2/3 complex or dynamin, required for endocytosis, blocks lithium-induced ciliary lengthening. Finally, we found an increase in Arp2/3 complex- and endocytosis-dependent actin filaments near the ciliary base upon lithium treatment. Our results identify a mechanism for lithium-mediated cilium lengthening and demonstrate the endocytic pathway for cilium membrane supply in algae is likely a conserved mechanism given lithium’s conserved effects across organisms. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10092651 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | The American Society for Cell Biology |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-100926512023-05-22 Lithium-induced ciliary lengthening sparks Arp2/3 complex–dependent endocytosis Bigge, Brae M. Dougherty, Larissa L. Avasthi, Prachee Mol Biol Cell Articles Ciliary length is highly regulated, but can be disrupted by lithium, which causes ciliary elongation across cell types and organisms. We used the algal system Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to investigate the mechanism behind lithium-induced ciliary elongation. Protein synthesis is not required for lengthening, and the target of lithium, GSK3, has substrates that can influence membrane dynamics. Further, ciliary assembly requires a supply of ciliary membrane as well as protein. Lithium-treated cilia elongate normally with brefeldin treatment, but dynasore treatment produced defective lengthening suggesting a source of membrane from the cell surface rather than the Golgi. Genetic or chemical perturbation of the Arp2/3 complex or dynamin, required for endocytosis, blocks lithium-induced ciliary lengthening. Finally, we found an increase in Arp2/3 complex- and endocytosis-dependent actin filaments near the ciliary base upon lithium treatment. Our results identify a mechanism for lithium-mediated cilium lengthening and demonstrate the endocytic pathway for cilium membrane supply in algae is likely a conserved mechanism given lithium’s conserved effects across organisms. The American Society for Cell Biology 2023-03-07 /pmc/articles/PMC10092651/ /pubmed/36753380 http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E22-06-0219 Text en © 2023 Bigge et al. “ASCB®,” “The American Society for Cell Biology®,” and “Molecular Biology of the Cell®” are registered trademarks of The American Society for Cell Biology. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/This article is distributed by The American Society for Cell Biology under license from the author(s). Two months after publication it is available to the public under an Attribution–Noncommercial-Share Alike 4.0 International Creative Commons License. |
spellingShingle | Articles Bigge, Brae M. Dougherty, Larissa L. Avasthi, Prachee Lithium-induced ciliary lengthening sparks Arp2/3 complex–dependent endocytosis |
title | Lithium-induced ciliary lengthening sparks Arp2/3 complex–dependent endocytosis |
title_full | Lithium-induced ciliary lengthening sparks Arp2/3 complex–dependent endocytosis |
title_fullStr | Lithium-induced ciliary lengthening sparks Arp2/3 complex–dependent endocytosis |
title_full_unstemmed | Lithium-induced ciliary lengthening sparks Arp2/3 complex–dependent endocytosis |
title_short | Lithium-induced ciliary lengthening sparks Arp2/3 complex–dependent endocytosis |
title_sort | lithium-induced ciliary lengthening sparks arp2/3 complex–dependent endocytosis |
topic | Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10092651/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36753380 http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E22-06-0219 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT biggebraem lithiuminducedciliarylengtheningsparksarp23complexdependentendocytosis AT doughertylarissal lithiuminducedciliarylengtheningsparksarp23complexdependentendocytosis AT avasthiprachee lithiuminducedciliarylengtheningsparksarp23complexdependentendocytosis |