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The Matrix Reloaded—The Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Cancer

SIMPLE SUMMARY: During the development of solid cancers, the ECM undergoes significant changes in composition and function that facilitate the growth and spread of cancer cells. To enhance our comprehension of the disease and integrate ECM profiling into personalized treatment approaches, it is cruc...

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Autores principales: Raskov, Hans, Gaggar, Shruti, Tajik, Asma, Orhan, Adile, Gögenur, Ismail
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10093330/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37046716
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15072057
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author Raskov, Hans
Gaggar, Shruti
Tajik, Asma
Orhan, Adile
Gögenur, Ismail
author_facet Raskov, Hans
Gaggar, Shruti
Tajik, Asma
Orhan, Adile
Gögenur, Ismail
author_sort Raskov, Hans
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: During the development of solid cancers, the ECM undergoes significant changes in composition and function that facilitate the growth and spread of cancer cells. To enhance our comprehension of the disease and integrate ECM profiling into personalized treatment approaches, it is crucial to investigate the biochemical and biophysical characteristics during all stages of carcinogenesis. This review highlights the latest findings in ECM research and potential targets for treatment. ABSTRACT: As the core component of all organs, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is an interlocking macromolecular meshwork of proteins, glycoproteins, and proteoglycans that provides mechanical support to cells and tissues. In cancer, the ECM can be remodelled in response to environmental cues, and it controls a plethora of cellular functions, including metabolism, cell polarity, migration, and proliferation, to sustain and support oncogenesis. The biophysical and biochemical properties of the ECM, such as its structural arrangement and being a reservoir for bioactive molecules, control several intra- and intercellular signalling pathways and induce cytoskeletal changes that alter cell shapes, behaviour, and viability. Desmoplasia is a major component of solid tumours. The abnormal deposition and composition of the tumour matrix lead to biochemical and biomechanical alterations that determine disease development and resistance to treatment. This review summarises the complex roles of ECM in cancer and highlights the possible therapeutic targets and how to potentially remodel the dysregulated ECM in the future. Furthering our understanding of the ECM in cancer is important as the modification of the ECM will probably become an important tool in the characterisation of individual tumours and personalised treatment options.
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spelling pubmed-100933302023-04-13 The Matrix Reloaded—The Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Cancer Raskov, Hans Gaggar, Shruti Tajik, Asma Orhan, Adile Gögenur, Ismail Cancers (Basel) Review SIMPLE SUMMARY: During the development of solid cancers, the ECM undergoes significant changes in composition and function that facilitate the growth and spread of cancer cells. To enhance our comprehension of the disease and integrate ECM profiling into personalized treatment approaches, it is crucial to investigate the biochemical and biophysical characteristics during all stages of carcinogenesis. This review highlights the latest findings in ECM research and potential targets for treatment. ABSTRACT: As the core component of all organs, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is an interlocking macromolecular meshwork of proteins, glycoproteins, and proteoglycans that provides mechanical support to cells and tissues. In cancer, the ECM can be remodelled in response to environmental cues, and it controls a plethora of cellular functions, including metabolism, cell polarity, migration, and proliferation, to sustain and support oncogenesis. The biophysical and biochemical properties of the ECM, such as its structural arrangement and being a reservoir for bioactive molecules, control several intra- and intercellular signalling pathways and induce cytoskeletal changes that alter cell shapes, behaviour, and viability. Desmoplasia is a major component of solid tumours. The abnormal deposition and composition of the tumour matrix lead to biochemical and biomechanical alterations that determine disease development and resistance to treatment. This review summarises the complex roles of ECM in cancer and highlights the possible therapeutic targets and how to potentially remodel the dysregulated ECM in the future. Furthering our understanding of the ECM in cancer is important as the modification of the ECM will probably become an important tool in the characterisation of individual tumours and personalised treatment options. MDPI 2023-03-30 /pmc/articles/PMC10093330/ /pubmed/37046716 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15072057 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Raskov, Hans
Gaggar, Shruti
Tajik, Asma
Orhan, Adile
Gögenur, Ismail
The Matrix Reloaded—The Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Cancer
title The Matrix Reloaded—The Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Cancer
title_full The Matrix Reloaded—The Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Cancer
title_fullStr The Matrix Reloaded—The Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Cancer
title_full_unstemmed The Matrix Reloaded—The Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Cancer
title_short The Matrix Reloaded—The Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Cancer
title_sort matrix reloaded—the role of the extracellular matrix in cancer
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10093330/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37046716
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15072057
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