Cometal Addition Effect on Superconducting Properties and Granular Behaviours of Polycrystalline FeSe(0.5)Te(0.5)

The enhanced performance of superconducting FeSe(0.5)Te(0.5) materials with added micro-sized Pb and Sn particles is presented. A series of Pb- and Sn-added FeSe(0.5)Te(0.5) (FeSe(0.5)Te(0.5) + xPb + ySn; x = y = 0–0.1) bulks are fabricated by the solid-state reaction method and characterized through various measurements. A very small amount of Sn and Pb additions (x = y ≤ 0.02) enhance the transition temperature (T(c)(onset)) of pure FeSe(0.5)Te(0.5) by ~1 K, sharpening the superconducting transition and improving the metallic nature in the normal state, whereas larger metal additions (x = y ≥ 0.03) reduce T(c)(onset) by broadening the superconducting transition. Microstructural analysis and transport studies suggest that at x = y > 0.02, Pb and Sn additions enhance the impurity phases, reduce the coupling between grains, and suppress the superconducting percolation, leading to a broad transition. FeSe(0.5)Te(0.5) samples with 2 wt% of cometal additions show the best performance with their critical current density, J(c), and the pinning force, F(p), which might be attributable to providing effective flux pinning centres. Our study shows that the inclusion of a relatively small amount of Pb and Sn (x = y ≤ 0.02) works effectively for the enhancement of superconducting properties with an improvement of intergrain connections as well as better phase uniformity.