Electrochemical Sensing of H(2)O(2) by Employing a Flexible Fe(3)O(4)/Graphene/Carbon Cloth as Working Electrode

We report the synthesis of Fe(3)O(4)/graphene (Fe(3)O(4)/Gr) nanocomposite for highly selective and highly sensitive peroxide sensor application. The nanocomposites were produced by a modified co-precipitation method. Further, structural, chemical, and morphological characterization of the Fe(3)O(4)/Gr was investigated by standard characterization techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and high-resolution TEM (HRTEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The average crystal size of Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles was calculated as 14.5 nm. Moreover, nanocomposite (Fe(3)O(4)/Gr) was employed to fabricate the flexible electrode using polymeric carbon fiber cloth or carbon cloth (pCFC or CC) as support. The electrochemical performance of as-fabricated Fe(3)O(4)/Gr/CC was evaluated toward H(2)O(2) with excellent electrocatalytic activity. It was found that Fe(3)O(4)/Gr/CC-based electrodes show a good linear range, high sensitivity, and a low detection limit for H(2)O(2) detection. The linear range for the optimized sensor was found to be in the range of 10–110 μM and limit of detection was calculated as 4.79 μM with a sensitivity of 0.037 µA μM(−1) cm(−2). The cost-effective materials used in this work as compared to noble metals provide satisfactory results. As well as showing high stability, the proposed biosensor is also highly reproducible.