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Functional Dissection of the Physiological Traits Promoting Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) Tolerance to Drought Stress

In Tunisia’s arid and semi-arid lands, drought stress remains the most critical factor limiting agricultural production due to low and irregular precipitation. The situation is even more difficult because of the scarcity of underground water for irrigation and the climate change that has intensified...

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Autores principales: Ltaief, Salim, Krouma, Abdelmajid
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10096688/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37050046
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12071420
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author Ltaief, Salim
Krouma, Abdelmajid
author_facet Ltaief, Salim
Krouma, Abdelmajid
author_sort Ltaief, Salim
collection PubMed
description In Tunisia’s arid and semi-arid lands, drought stress remains the most critical factor limiting agricultural production due to low and irregular precipitation. The situation is even more difficult because of the scarcity of underground water for irrigation and the climate change that has intensified and expanded the aridity. One of the most efficient and sustainable approaches to mitigating drought stress is exploring genotypic variability to screen tolerant genotypes and identify useful tolerance traits. To this end, six Tunisian wheat genotypes (Triticum durum Desf.) were cultivated in the field, under a greenhouse and natural light, to be studied for their differential tolerance to drought stress. Many morpho-physiological and biochemical traits were analyzed, and interrelationships were established. Depending on the genotypes, drought stress significantly decreased plant growth, chlorophyll biosynthesis, and photosynthesis; stimulated osmolyte accumulation and disturbed water relations. The most tolerant genotypes (salim and karim) accumulated more potassium (K) and proline in their shoots, allowing them to maintain better tissue hydration and physiological functioning. The osmotic adjustment (OA), in which potassium and proline play a key role, determines wheat tolerance to drought stress. The calculated drought index (DI), drought susceptible index (DSI), drought tolerance index (DTI), K use efficiency (KUE), and water use efficiency (WUE) discriminated the studied genotypes and confirmed the relative tolerance of salim and karim.
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spelling pubmed-100966882023-04-13 Functional Dissection of the Physiological Traits Promoting Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) Tolerance to Drought Stress Ltaief, Salim Krouma, Abdelmajid Plants (Basel) Article In Tunisia’s arid and semi-arid lands, drought stress remains the most critical factor limiting agricultural production due to low and irregular precipitation. The situation is even more difficult because of the scarcity of underground water for irrigation and the climate change that has intensified and expanded the aridity. One of the most efficient and sustainable approaches to mitigating drought stress is exploring genotypic variability to screen tolerant genotypes and identify useful tolerance traits. To this end, six Tunisian wheat genotypes (Triticum durum Desf.) were cultivated in the field, under a greenhouse and natural light, to be studied for their differential tolerance to drought stress. Many morpho-physiological and biochemical traits were analyzed, and interrelationships were established. Depending on the genotypes, drought stress significantly decreased plant growth, chlorophyll biosynthesis, and photosynthesis; stimulated osmolyte accumulation and disturbed water relations. The most tolerant genotypes (salim and karim) accumulated more potassium (K) and proline in their shoots, allowing them to maintain better tissue hydration and physiological functioning. The osmotic adjustment (OA), in which potassium and proline play a key role, determines wheat tolerance to drought stress. The calculated drought index (DI), drought susceptible index (DSI), drought tolerance index (DTI), K use efficiency (KUE), and water use efficiency (WUE) discriminated the studied genotypes and confirmed the relative tolerance of salim and karim. MDPI 2023-03-23 /pmc/articles/PMC10096688/ /pubmed/37050046 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12071420 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Ltaief, Salim
Krouma, Abdelmajid
Functional Dissection of the Physiological Traits Promoting Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) Tolerance to Drought Stress
title Functional Dissection of the Physiological Traits Promoting Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) Tolerance to Drought Stress
title_full Functional Dissection of the Physiological Traits Promoting Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) Tolerance to Drought Stress
title_fullStr Functional Dissection of the Physiological Traits Promoting Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) Tolerance to Drought Stress
title_full_unstemmed Functional Dissection of the Physiological Traits Promoting Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) Tolerance to Drought Stress
title_short Functional Dissection of the Physiological Traits Promoting Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) Tolerance to Drought Stress
title_sort functional dissection of the physiological traits promoting durum wheat (triticum durum desf.) tolerance to drought stress
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10096688/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37050046
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12071420
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