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The Impact of Yeast Encapsulation in Wort Fermentation and Beer Flavor Profile
The food and beverage industry is constantly evolving, and consumers are increasingly searching for premium products that not only offer health benefits but a pleasant taste. A viable strategy to accomplish this is through the altering of sensory profiles through encapsulation of compounds with uniq...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10096922/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37050356 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15071742 |
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author | Bolanos-Barbosa, Angie D. Rodríguez, Cristian F. Acuña, Olga L. Cruz, Juan C. Reyes, Luis H. |
author_facet | Bolanos-Barbosa, Angie D. Rodríguez, Cristian F. Acuña, Olga L. Cruz, Juan C. Reyes, Luis H. |
author_sort | Bolanos-Barbosa, Angie D. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The food and beverage industry is constantly evolving, and consumers are increasingly searching for premium products that not only offer health benefits but a pleasant taste. A viable strategy to accomplish this is through the altering of sensory profiles through encapsulation of compounds with unique flavors. We used this approach here to examine how brewing in the presence of yeast cells encapsulated in alginate affected the sensory profile of beer wort. Initial tests were conducted for various combinations of sodium alginate and calcium chloride concentrations. Mechanical properties (i.e., breaking force and elasticity) and stability of the encapsulates were then considered to select the most reliable encapsulating formulation to conduct the corresponding alcoholic fermentations. Yeast cells were then encapsulated using 3% (w/v) alginate and 0.1 M calcium chloride as a reticulating agent. Fourteen-day fermentations with this encapsulating formulation involved a Pilsen malt-based wort and four S. cerevisiae strains, three commercially available and one locally isolated. The obtained beer was aged in an amber glass container for two weeks at 4 °C. The color, turbidity, taste, and flavor profile were measured and compared to similar commercially available products. Cell growth was monitored concurrently with fermentation, and the concentrations of ethanol, sugars, and organic acids in the samples were determined via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). It was observed that encapsulation caused significant differences in the sensory profile between strains, as evidenced by marked changes in the astringency, geraniol, and capric acid aroma production. Three repeated batch experiments under the same conditions revealed that cell viability and mechanical properties decreased substantially, which might limit the reusability of encapsulates. In terms of ethanol production and substrate consumption, it was also observed that encapsulation improved the performance of the locally isolated strain. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10096922 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-100969222023-04-13 The Impact of Yeast Encapsulation in Wort Fermentation and Beer Flavor Profile Bolanos-Barbosa, Angie D. Rodríguez, Cristian F. Acuña, Olga L. Cruz, Juan C. Reyes, Luis H. Polymers (Basel) Article The food and beverage industry is constantly evolving, and consumers are increasingly searching for premium products that not only offer health benefits but a pleasant taste. A viable strategy to accomplish this is through the altering of sensory profiles through encapsulation of compounds with unique flavors. We used this approach here to examine how brewing in the presence of yeast cells encapsulated in alginate affected the sensory profile of beer wort. Initial tests were conducted for various combinations of sodium alginate and calcium chloride concentrations. Mechanical properties (i.e., breaking force and elasticity) and stability of the encapsulates were then considered to select the most reliable encapsulating formulation to conduct the corresponding alcoholic fermentations. Yeast cells were then encapsulated using 3% (w/v) alginate and 0.1 M calcium chloride as a reticulating agent. Fourteen-day fermentations with this encapsulating formulation involved a Pilsen malt-based wort and four S. cerevisiae strains, three commercially available and one locally isolated. The obtained beer was aged in an amber glass container for two weeks at 4 °C. The color, turbidity, taste, and flavor profile were measured and compared to similar commercially available products. Cell growth was monitored concurrently with fermentation, and the concentrations of ethanol, sugars, and organic acids in the samples were determined via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). It was observed that encapsulation caused significant differences in the sensory profile between strains, as evidenced by marked changes in the astringency, geraniol, and capric acid aroma production. Three repeated batch experiments under the same conditions revealed that cell viability and mechanical properties decreased substantially, which might limit the reusability of encapsulates. In terms of ethanol production and substrate consumption, it was also observed that encapsulation improved the performance of the locally isolated strain. MDPI 2023-03-31 /pmc/articles/PMC10096922/ /pubmed/37050356 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15071742 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Bolanos-Barbosa, Angie D. Rodríguez, Cristian F. Acuña, Olga L. Cruz, Juan C. Reyes, Luis H. The Impact of Yeast Encapsulation in Wort Fermentation and Beer Flavor Profile |
title | The Impact of Yeast Encapsulation in Wort Fermentation and Beer Flavor Profile |
title_full | The Impact of Yeast Encapsulation in Wort Fermentation and Beer Flavor Profile |
title_fullStr | The Impact of Yeast Encapsulation in Wort Fermentation and Beer Flavor Profile |
title_full_unstemmed | The Impact of Yeast Encapsulation in Wort Fermentation and Beer Flavor Profile |
title_short | The Impact of Yeast Encapsulation in Wort Fermentation and Beer Flavor Profile |
title_sort | impact of yeast encapsulation in wort fermentation and beer flavor profile |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10096922/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37050356 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15071742 |
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