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Developing Performance-Based Mix Design Framework Using Asphalt Mixture Performance Tester and Mechanistic Models

This paper proposes a performance-based mix design (PBMD) framework to support performance-related specifications (PRS) needed to establish relationships between acceptable quality characteristics (AQCs) and predicted performance, as well as to develop fatigue-preferred, rutting-preferred, and perfo...

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Autores principales: Lee, Jong-Sub, Lee, Sang-Yum, Le, Tri Ho Minh
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10096992/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37050307
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15071692
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author Lee, Jong-Sub
Lee, Sang-Yum
Le, Tri Ho Minh
author_facet Lee, Jong-Sub
Lee, Sang-Yum
Le, Tri Ho Minh
author_sort Lee, Jong-Sub
collection PubMed
description This paper proposes a performance-based mix design (PBMD) framework to support performance-related specifications (PRS) needed to establish relationships between acceptable quality characteristics (AQCs) and predicted performance, as well as to develop fatigue-preferred, rutting-preferred, and performance-balanced mix designs. The framework includes defining performance tests and threshold values, developing asphalt mix designs, identifying available performance levels, conducting sensitivity analysis, establishing the relationships between AQCs and predicted performance, and determining performance targets and AQC values for the three PBMDs using predicted performance criteria. Additionally, the framework recommends selecting the PBMD category for each asphalt layer to minimize pavement distresses. In this study, the proposed PBMD protocol was applied to FHWA accelerated loading facility (ALF) materials using asphalt mixture performance tester (AMPT) equipment coupled with mechanistic models. The study developed nine mix designs with varying design VMAs and air voids using the Bailey method. The cracking and rutting performance of the mix designs were determined by direct tension cyclic (DTC) fatigue testing, triaxial stress sweep (TSS) testing, and viscoelastic continuum damage (S-VECD) and viscoplastic shift models for temperature and stress effects. The study found that adjusting the design VMA was the primary way to achieve required performance targets. For fatigue-preferred mix design, the recommended targets were a cracking area of 0 to 1.9%, a rut depth of 10 mm, and a design VMA of 14.6 to 17.6%. For rutting-preferred mix design, the recommended targets were a cracking area of 18%, a rut depth of 0 to 3.8 mm, and a design VMA of 10.1 to 13.1%. For performance-balanced mix design, the recommended targets were a cracking area of 8.1 to 10.7%, a rut depth of 4.6 to 6.4 mm, and a design VMA of 12.6 to 14.3%. Finally, pavement simulation results verified that the proposed PBMD pavement design with fatigue-preferred mix in the bottom layer, performance-balanced mix in the intermediate layer, and rutting-preferred mix in the surface mix could minimize bottom-up cracking propagation without exceeding the proposed rutting performance criterion for long-life.
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spelling pubmed-100969922023-04-13 Developing Performance-Based Mix Design Framework Using Asphalt Mixture Performance Tester and Mechanistic Models Lee, Jong-Sub Lee, Sang-Yum Le, Tri Ho Minh Polymers (Basel) Article This paper proposes a performance-based mix design (PBMD) framework to support performance-related specifications (PRS) needed to establish relationships between acceptable quality characteristics (AQCs) and predicted performance, as well as to develop fatigue-preferred, rutting-preferred, and performance-balanced mix designs. The framework includes defining performance tests and threshold values, developing asphalt mix designs, identifying available performance levels, conducting sensitivity analysis, establishing the relationships between AQCs and predicted performance, and determining performance targets and AQC values for the three PBMDs using predicted performance criteria. Additionally, the framework recommends selecting the PBMD category for each asphalt layer to minimize pavement distresses. In this study, the proposed PBMD protocol was applied to FHWA accelerated loading facility (ALF) materials using asphalt mixture performance tester (AMPT) equipment coupled with mechanistic models. The study developed nine mix designs with varying design VMAs and air voids using the Bailey method. The cracking and rutting performance of the mix designs were determined by direct tension cyclic (DTC) fatigue testing, triaxial stress sweep (TSS) testing, and viscoelastic continuum damage (S-VECD) and viscoplastic shift models for temperature and stress effects. The study found that adjusting the design VMA was the primary way to achieve required performance targets. For fatigue-preferred mix design, the recommended targets were a cracking area of 0 to 1.9%, a rut depth of 10 mm, and a design VMA of 14.6 to 17.6%. For rutting-preferred mix design, the recommended targets were a cracking area of 18%, a rut depth of 0 to 3.8 mm, and a design VMA of 10.1 to 13.1%. For performance-balanced mix design, the recommended targets were a cracking area of 8.1 to 10.7%, a rut depth of 4.6 to 6.4 mm, and a design VMA of 12.6 to 14.3%. Finally, pavement simulation results verified that the proposed PBMD pavement design with fatigue-preferred mix in the bottom layer, performance-balanced mix in the intermediate layer, and rutting-preferred mix in the surface mix could minimize bottom-up cracking propagation without exceeding the proposed rutting performance criterion for long-life. MDPI 2023-03-29 /pmc/articles/PMC10096992/ /pubmed/37050307 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15071692 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Lee, Jong-Sub
Lee, Sang-Yum
Le, Tri Ho Minh
Developing Performance-Based Mix Design Framework Using Asphalt Mixture Performance Tester and Mechanistic Models
title Developing Performance-Based Mix Design Framework Using Asphalt Mixture Performance Tester and Mechanistic Models
title_full Developing Performance-Based Mix Design Framework Using Asphalt Mixture Performance Tester and Mechanistic Models
title_fullStr Developing Performance-Based Mix Design Framework Using Asphalt Mixture Performance Tester and Mechanistic Models
title_full_unstemmed Developing Performance-Based Mix Design Framework Using Asphalt Mixture Performance Tester and Mechanistic Models
title_short Developing Performance-Based Mix Design Framework Using Asphalt Mixture Performance Tester and Mechanistic Models
title_sort developing performance-based mix design framework using asphalt mixture performance tester and mechanistic models
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10096992/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37050307
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15071692
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