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Monitoring of age- and gender-related alterations of endocannabinoid levels in selected brain regions with the use of SPME probes

INTRODUCTION: The endocannabinoid system consists of different types of receptors, enzymes and endocannabinoids (ECs), which are involved in several physiological processes, but also play important role in the development and progression of central nervous system disorders. OBJECTIVES: The purpose o...

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Autores principales: Roszkowska, Anna, Klejbor, Ilona, Bogusiewicz, Joanna, Plenis, Alina, Bojko, Barbara, Kowalik, Katarzyna, Moryś, Janusz, Bączek, Tomasz
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer US 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10097736/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37043024
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11306-023-02007-9
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author Roszkowska, Anna
Klejbor, Ilona
Bogusiewicz, Joanna
Plenis, Alina
Bojko, Barbara
Kowalik, Katarzyna
Moryś, Janusz
Bączek, Tomasz
author_facet Roszkowska, Anna
Klejbor, Ilona
Bogusiewicz, Joanna
Plenis, Alina
Bojko, Barbara
Kowalik, Katarzyna
Moryś, Janusz
Bączek, Tomasz
author_sort Roszkowska, Anna
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: The endocannabinoid system consists of different types of receptors, enzymes and endocannabinoids (ECs), which are involved in several physiological processes, but also play important role in the development and progression of central nervous system disorders. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to apply precise and sensitive methodology for monitoring of four ECs, namely anandamide (AEA), 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG), N-arachidonoyl dopamine (NADA), 2-arachidonyl glyceryl ether (2-AGe) in selected brain regions of female and male rats at different stages of development (young, adult and old). METHODS: Biocompatible solid-phase microextraction (SPME) probes were introduced into the intact (non-homogenized) brain structures for isolation of four ECs, and the extracts were subjected to LC–MS/MS analysis. Two chemometric approaches, namely hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were applied to provide more information about the levels of 2-AG and AEA in different brain structures. RESULTS: 2-AG and AEA were extracted and could be quantified in each brain region; the level of 2-AG was significantly higher in comparison to the level of AEA. Two highly unstable ECs, NADA and 2-AGe, were captured by SPME probes from intact brain samples for the first time. CONCLUSION: SPME probes were able to isolate highly unstable endogenous compounds from intact tissue, and provided new tools for precise analysis of the level and distribution of ECs in different brain regions. Monitoring of ECs in brain samples is important not only in physiological conditions, but also may contribute to better understanding of the functioning of the endocannabinoid system in various disorders. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11306-023-02007-9.
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spelling pubmed-100977362023-04-14 Monitoring of age- and gender-related alterations of endocannabinoid levels in selected brain regions with the use of SPME probes Roszkowska, Anna Klejbor, Ilona Bogusiewicz, Joanna Plenis, Alina Bojko, Barbara Kowalik, Katarzyna Moryś, Janusz Bączek, Tomasz Metabolomics Original Article INTRODUCTION: The endocannabinoid system consists of different types of receptors, enzymes and endocannabinoids (ECs), which are involved in several physiological processes, but also play important role in the development and progression of central nervous system disorders. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to apply precise and sensitive methodology for monitoring of four ECs, namely anandamide (AEA), 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG), N-arachidonoyl dopamine (NADA), 2-arachidonyl glyceryl ether (2-AGe) in selected brain regions of female and male rats at different stages of development (young, adult and old). METHODS: Biocompatible solid-phase microextraction (SPME) probes were introduced into the intact (non-homogenized) brain structures for isolation of four ECs, and the extracts were subjected to LC–MS/MS analysis. Two chemometric approaches, namely hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were applied to provide more information about the levels of 2-AG and AEA in different brain structures. RESULTS: 2-AG and AEA were extracted and could be quantified in each brain region; the level of 2-AG was significantly higher in comparison to the level of AEA. Two highly unstable ECs, NADA and 2-AGe, were captured by SPME probes from intact brain samples for the first time. CONCLUSION: SPME probes were able to isolate highly unstable endogenous compounds from intact tissue, and provided new tools for precise analysis of the level and distribution of ECs in different brain regions. Monitoring of ECs in brain samples is important not only in physiological conditions, but also may contribute to better understanding of the functioning of the endocannabinoid system in various disorders. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11306-023-02007-9. Springer US 2023-04-12 2023 /pmc/articles/PMC10097736/ /pubmed/37043024 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11306-023-02007-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Original Article
Roszkowska, Anna
Klejbor, Ilona
Bogusiewicz, Joanna
Plenis, Alina
Bojko, Barbara
Kowalik, Katarzyna
Moryś, Janusz
Bączek, Tomasz
Monitoring of age- and gender-related alterations of endocannabinoid levels in selected brain regions with the use of SPME probes
title Monitoring of age- and gender-related alterations of endocannabinoid levels in selected brain regions with the use of SPME probes
title_full Monitoring of age- and gender-related alterations of endocannabinoid levels in selected brain regions with the use of SPME probes
title_fullStr Monitoring of age- and gender-related alterations of endocannabinoid levels in selected brain regions with the use of SPME probes
title_full_unstemmed Monitoring of age- and gender-related alterations of endocannabinoid levels in selected brain regions with the use of SPME probes
title_short Monitoring of age- and gender-related alterations of endocannabinoid levels in selected brain regions with the use of SPME probes
title_sort monitoring of age- and gender-related alterations of endocannabinoid levels in selected brain regions with the use of spme probes
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10097736/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37043024
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11306-023-02007-9
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