Optimal interventional policy based on discrete-time fuzzy rules equivalent model utilizing with COVID-19 pandemic data

In this paper, a mathematical model of the COVID-19 pandemic is formulated by fitting it to actual data collected during the fifth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Coahuila, Mexico, from June 2022 to October 2022. The data sets used are recorded on a daily basis and presented in a discrete-time sequence. To obtain the equivalent data model, fuzzy rules emulated networks are utilized to derive a class of discrete-time systems based on the daily hospitalized individuals’ data. The aim of this study is to investigate the optimal control problem to determine the most effective interventional policy including precautionary and awareness measures, the detection of asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals, and vaccination. A main theorem is developed to guarantee the closed-loop system performance by utilizing approximate functions of the equivalent model. The numerical results indicate that the proposed interventional policy can eradicate the pandemic within 1–8 weeks. Additionally, the results show that if the policy is implemented within the first 3 weeks, the number of hospitalized individuals remains below the hospital’s capacity.