Automatic Detection of Microaneurysms in Fundus Images Using an Ensemble-Based Segmentation Method

In this study, a novel method for automatic microaneurysm detection in color fundus images is presented. The proposed method is based on three main steps: (1) image breakdown to smaller image patches, (2) inference to segmentation models, and (3) reconstruction of the predicted segmentation map from output patches. The proposed segmentation method is based on an ensemble of three individual deep networks, such as U-Net, ResNet34-UNet and UNet++. The performance evaluation is based on the calculation of the Dice score and [Formula: see text] values. The ensemble-based model achieved higher Dice score (0.95) and [Formula: see text] (0.91) values compared to other network architectures. The proposed ensemble-based model demonstrates the high practical application potential for detection of early-stage diabetic retinopathy in color fundus images.