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Application of oral inorganic iodine in the treatment of Graves’ disease
Iodine is a crucial trace element for the human body and the basic raw material for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Oral inorganic iodine includes dietary iodine and therapeutic iodine, both of which are closely associated with thyroid immunity and metabolism. Graves’ disease (GD), also known as...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10106709/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37077352 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1150036 |
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author | Huang, Yixuan Xu, Yihang Xu, Murong Zhao, Xiaotong Chen, Mingwei |
author_facet | Huang, Yixuan Xu, Yihang Xu, Murong Zhao, Xiaotong Chen, Mingwei |
author_sort | Huang, Yixuan |
collection | PubMed |
description | Iodine is a crucial trace element for the human body and the basic raw material for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Oral inorganic iodine includes dietary iodine and therapeutic iodine, both of which are closely associated with thyroid immunity and metabolism. Graves’ disease (GD), also known as diffuse toxic goiter, is characterized by hyperthyroidism and high iodine metabolism. Clinically, patients diagnosed with GD are often asked to limit iodine intake or even avoid iodine in their diet. The latest research has demonstrated that the interference of dietary iodine with antithyroid drugs (ATDs) treatment may be overestimated. In addition, as a medication for GD treatment, the administration of inorganic iodine has shown positive results in patients with mild hyperthyroidism, a low thyroid autoantibody concentration, a small thyroid volume, a high iodine diet and so on. Inorganic iodine may also be used as an alternative when patients experience side effects with traditional ATDs and for those who still prefer conservative treatment. Due to its low teratogenicity, blood toxicity and bone marrow toxicity, inorganic iodine plays a unique role in special populations, such as pregnant or lactating patients and patients receiving tumor radiotherapy or chemotherapy. In this review, the research progress, biological function, doses and effects, applicable populations and specific applications of dietary iodine and therapeutic iodine are summarized to provide references for the diagnosis and treatment of GD, thus improving the quality of life of GD patients. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10106709 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-101067092023-04-18 Application of oral inorganic iodine in the treatment of Graves’ disease Huang, Yixuan Xu, Yihang Xu, Murong Zhao, Xiaotong Chen, Mingwei Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) Endocrinology Iodine is a crucial trace element for the human body and the basic raw material for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Oral inorganic iodine includes dietary iodine and therapeutic iodine, both of which are closely associated with thyroid immunity and metabolism. Graves’ disease (GD), also known as diffuse toxic goiter, is characterized by hyperthyroidism and high iodine metabolism. Clinically, patients diagnosed with GD are often asked to limit iodine intake or even avoid iodine in their diet. The latest research has demonstrated that the interference of dietary iodine with antithyroid drugs (ATDs) treatment may be overestimated. In addition, as a medication for GD treatment, the administration of inorganic iodine has shown positive results in patients with mild hyperthyroidism, a low thyroid autoantibody concentration, a small thyroid volume, a high iodine diet and so on. Inorganic iodine may also be used as an alternative when patients experience side effects with traditional ATDs and for those who still prefer conservative treatment. Due to its low teratogenicity, blood toxicity and bone marrow toxicity, inorganic iodine plays a unique role in special populations, such as pregnant or lactating patients and patients receiving tumor radiotherapy or chemotherapy. In this review, the research progress, biological function, doses and effects, applicable populations and specific applications of dietary iodine and therapeutic iodine are summarized to provide references for the diagnosis and treatment of GD, thus improving the quality of life of GD patients. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-04-03 /pmc/articles/PMC10106709/ /pubmed/37077352 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1150036 Text en Copyright © 2023 Huang, Xu, Xu, Zhao and Chen https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Endocrinology Huang, Yixuan Xu, Yihang Xu, Murong Zhao, Xiaotong Chen, Mingwei Application of oral inorganic iodine in the treatment of Graves’ disease |
title | Application of oral inorganic iodine in the treatment of Graves’ disease |
title_full | Application of oral inorganic iodine in the treatment of Graves’ disease |
title_fullStr | Application of oral inorganic iodine in the treatment of Graves’ disease |
title_full_unstemmed | Application of oral inorganic iodine in the treatment of Graves’ disease |
title_short | Application of oral inorganic iodine in the treatment of Graves’ disease |
title_sort | application of oral inorganic iodine in the treatment of graves’ disease |
topic | Endocrinology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10106709/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37077352 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1150036 |
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