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Anxiety as a differentiating variable in emotional recognition in juvenile offenders with high callous‐unemotional traits

BACKGROUND: The presence of so‐called callous‐unemotional (CU) traits—lack of remorse/empathy, callous use of others and shallow/deficient affect—defines an important subgroup of children and adolescents with more severe and stable antisocial behaviours over time and may be a precursor to so‐called...

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Autores principales: Halty, Lucia, Caperos, Jose M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10108285/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36722366
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbm.2276
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author Halty, Lucia
Caperos, Jose M.
author_facet Halty, Lucia
Caperos, Jose M.
author_sort Halty, Lucia
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The presence of so‐called callous‐unemotional (CU) traits—lack of remorse/empathy, callous use of others and shallow/deficient affect—defines an important subgroup of children and adolescents with more severe and stable antisocial behaviours over time and may be a precursor to so‐called psychopathy in adults. There are two main hypotheses to account for such traits, one emphasising deficits in recognition of specific emotions—the distress specific—and the other in aspects of facial recognition—the attention to the eyes hypothesis, but it may be that the manifestation of deficits is affected by the person's own emotional state. AIMS: To test the effect of anxiety scores on emotion recognition among young people high scoring for CU traits. METHODS: 14‐ to 21‐year‐olds serving sentences in youth justice institutions across Spain were invited to participate. Only those scoring above the cut‐off on the Kimonis Inventory of Callous and Unemotional Traits were included. Anxiety was measured using the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory. Emotion recognition was assessed using the Emotional Face and Emotional Gaze Tasks. RESULTS: Of 91 (90% male) eligible participants, 53 had above threshold anxiety scores. The latter group recognised the emotional expressions of sadness, anger and fear earlier than their non‐anxious peers, both when only the eye region was presented and when full faces were presented. There was less difference between groups in the case of the emotions of disgust and happiness, with both groups recognising these emotions earlier and more accurately when a full face was presented. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that 14‐ to 21‐year old who struggle with callous emotional traits should not be treated as a homogenous group but that testing for other relevant problems, including anxiety, may inform optimal routes to the emotion recognition training that is likely to help them relate to others more prosocially.
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spelling pubmed-101082852023-04-18 Anxiety as a differentiating variable in emotional recognition in juvenile offenders with high callous‐unemotional traits Halty, Lucia Caperos, Jose M. Crim Behav Ment Health Original Articles BACKGROUND: The presence of so‐called callous‐unemotional (CU) traits—lack of remorse/empathy, callous use of others and shallow/deficient affect—defines an important subgroup of children and adolescents with more severe and stable antisocial behaviours over time and may be a precursor to so‐called psychopathy in adults. There are two main hypotheses to account for such traits, one emphasising deficits in recognition of specific emotions—the distress specific—and the other in aspects of facial recognition—the attention to the eyes hypothesis, but it may be that the manifestation of deficits is affected by the person's own emotional state. AIMS: To test the effect of anxiety scores on emotion recognition among young people high scoring for CU traits. METHODS: 14‐ to 21‐year‐olds serving sentences in youth justice institutions across Spain were invited to participate. Only those scoring above the cut‐off on the Kimonis Inventory of Callous and Unemotional Traits were included. Anxiety was measured using the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory. Emotion recognition was assessed using the Emotional Face and Emotional Gaze Tasks. RESULTS: Of 91 (90% male) eligible participants, 53 had above threshold anxiety scores. The latter group recognised the emotional expressions of sadness, anger and fear earlier than their non‐anxious peers, both when only the eye region was presented and when full faces were presented. There was less difference between groups in the case of the emotions of disgust and happiness, with both groups recognising these emotions earlier and more accurately when a full face was presented. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that 14‐ to 21‐year old who struggle with callous emotional traits should not be treated as a homogenous group but that testing for other relevant problems, including anxiety, may inform optimal routes to the emotion recognition training that is likely to help them relate to others more prosocially. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2023-02-01 2023-02 /pmc/articles/PMC10108285/ /pubmed/36722366 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbm.2276 Text en © 2023 The Authors. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
spellingShingle Original Articles
Halty, Lucia
Caperos, Jose M.
Anxiety as a differentiating variable in emotional recognition in juvenile offenders with high callous‐unemotional traits
title Anxiety as a differentiating variable in emotional recognition in juvenile offenders with high callous‐unemotional traits
title_full Anxiety as a differentiating variable in emotional recognition in juvenile offenders with high callous‐unemotional traits
title_fullStr Anxiety as a differentiating variable in emotional recognition in juvenile offenders with high callous‐unemotional traits
title_full_unstemmed Anxiety as a differentiating variable in emotional recognition in juvenile offenders with high callous‐unemotional traits
title_short Anxiety as a differentiating variable in emotional recognition in juvenile offenders with high callous‐unemotional traits
title_sort anxiety as a differentiating variable in emotional recognition in juvenile offenders with high callous‐unemotional traits
topic Original Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10108285/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36722366
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbm.2276
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