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Mechanical basis and topological routes to cell elimination

Cell layers eliminate unwanted cells through the extrusion process, which underlines healthy versus flawed tissue behaviors. Although several biochemical pathways have been identified, the underlying mechanical basis including the forces involved in cellular extrusion remains largely unexplored. Uti...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Monfared, Siavash, Ravichandran, Guruswami, Andrade, José, Doostmohammadi, Amin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10112887/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37070647
http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.82435
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author Monfared, Siavash
Ravichandran, Guruswami
Andrade, José
Doostmohammadi, Amin
author_facet Monfared, Siavash
Ravichandran, Guruswami
Andrade, José
Doostmohammadi, Amin
author_sort Monfared, Siavash
collection PubMed
description Cell layers eliminate unwanted cells through the extrusion process, which underlines healthy versus flawed tissue behaviors. Although several biochemical pathways have been identified, the underlying mechanical basis including the forces involved in cellular extrusion remains largely unexplored. Utilizing a phase-field model of a three-dimensional cell layer, we study the interplay of cell extrusion with cell–cell and cell–substrate interactions in a flat monolayer. Independent tuning of cell–cell versus cell–substrate adhesion forces reveals that extrusion events can be distinctly linked to defects in nematic and hexatic orders associated with cellular arrangements. Specifically, we show that by increasing relative cell–cell adhesion forces the cell monolayer can switch between the collective tendency towards fivefold, hexatic, disclinations relative to half-integer, nematic, defects for extruding a cell. We unify our findings by accessing three-dimensional mechanical stress fields to show that an extrusion event acts as a mechanism to relieve localized stress concentration.
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spelling pubmed-101128872023-04-19 Mechanical basis and topological routes to cell elimination Monfared, Siavash Ravichandran, Guruswami Andrade, José Doostmohammadi, Amin eLife Physics of Living Systems Cell layers eliminate unwanted cells through the extrusion process, which underlines healthy versus flawed tissue behaviors. Although several biochemical pathways have been identified, the underlying mechanical basis including the forces involved in cellular extrusion remains largely unexplored. Utilizing a phase-field model of a three-dimensional cell layer, we study the interplay of cell extrusion with cell–cell and cell–substrate interactions in a flat monolayer. Independent tuning of cell–cell versus cell–substrate adhesion forces reveals that extrusion events can be distinctly linked to defects in nematic and hexatic orders associated with cellular arrangements. Specifically, we show that by increasing relative cell–cell adhesion forces the cell monolayer can switch between the collective tendency towards fivefold, hexatic, disclinations relative to half-integer, nematic, defects for extruding a cell. We unify our findings by accessing three-dimensional mechanical stress fields to show that an extrusion event acts as a mechanism to relieve localized stress concentration. eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd 2023-04-18 /pmc/articles/PMC10112887/ /pubmed/37070647 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.82435 Text en © 2023, Monfared et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Physics of Living Systems
Monfared, Siavash
Ravichandran, Guruswami
Andrade, José
Doostmohammadi, Amin
Mechanical basis and topological routes to cell elimination
title Mechanical basis and topological routes to cell elimination
title_full Mechanical basis and topological routes to cell elimination
title_fullStr Mechanical basis and topological routes to cell elimination
title_full_unstemmed Mechanical basis and topological routes to cell elimination
title_short Mechanical basis and topological routes to cell elimination
title_sort mechanical basis and topological routes to cell elimination
topic Physics of Living Systems
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10112887/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37070647
http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.82435
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