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Carapace microbiota in American lobsters (Homarus americanus) associated with epizootic shell disease and the green gland

Epizootic Shell Disease (ESD) has posed a great threat, both ecologically and economically, to the American lobster population of Long Island Sound since its emergence in the late 1990s. Because of the polymicrobial nature of carapace infections, causative agents for ESD remain unclear. In this stud...

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Autores principales: Schaubeck, Anna, Cao, Dianjun, Cavaleri, Vincent, Mun, Seyoung, Jeon, Soo Jin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10113626/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37089549
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1093312
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author Schaubeck, Anna
Cao, Dianjun
Cavaleri, Vincent
Mun, Seyoung
Jeon, Soo Jin
author_facet Schaubeck, Anna
Cao, Dianjun
Cavaleri, Vincent
Mun, Seyoung
Jeon, Soo Jin
author_sort Schaubeck, Anna
collection PubMed
description Epizootic Shell Disease (ESD) has posed a great threat, both ecologically and economically, to the American lobster population of Long Island Sound since its emergence in the late 1990s. Because of the polymicrobial nature of carapace infections, causative agents for ESD remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to identify carapace microbiota associated with ESD and its potential impact on the microbiota of internal organs (green gland, hepatopancreas, intestine, and testis) using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We found that lobsters with ESD harbored specific carapace microbiota characterized by high abundance of Aquimarina, which was significantly different from healthy lobsters. PICRUSt analysis showed that metabolic pathways such as amino acid metabolism were enriched in the carapace microbiota of lobsters with ESD. Aquimarina, Halocynthiibacter, and Tenacibaculum were identified as core carapace bacteria associated with ESD. Particularly, Aquimarina and Halocynthiibacter were detected in the green gland, hepatopancreas, and testis of lobsters with ESD, but were absent from all internal organs tested in healthy lobsters. Hierarchical clustering analysis revealed that the carapace microbiota of lobsters with ESD was closely related to the green gland microbiota, whereas the carapace microbiota of healthy lobsters was more similar to the testis microbiota. Taken together, our findings suggest that ESD is associated with alterations in the structure and function of carapace microbiota, which may facilitate the invasion of bacteria into the green gland.
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spelling pubmed-101136262023-04-20 Carapace microbiota in American lobsters (Homarus americanus) associated with epizootic shell disease and the green gland Schaubeck, Anna Cao, Dianjun Cavaleri, Vincent Mun, Seyoung Jeon, Soo Jin Front Microbiol Microbiology Epizootic Shell Disease (ESD) has posed a great threat, both ecologically and economically, to the American lobster population of Long Island Sound since its emergence in the late 1990s. Because of the polymicrobial nature of carapace infections, causative agents for ESD remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to identify carapace microbiota associated with ESD and its potential impact on the microbiota of internal organs (green gland, hepatopancreas, intestine, and testis) using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We found that lobsters with ESD harbored specific carapace microbiota characterized by high abundance of Aquimarina, which was significantly different from healthy lobsters. PICRUSt analysis showed that metabolic pathways such as amino acid metabolism were enriched in the carapace microbiota of lobsters with ESD. Aquimarina, Halocynthiibacter, and Tenacibaculum were identified as core carapace bacteria associated with ESD. Particularly, Aquimarina and Halocynthiibacter were detected in the green gland, hepatopancreas, and testis of lobsters with ESD, but were absent from all internal organs tested in healthy lobsters. Hierarchical clustering analysis revealed that the carapace microbiota of lobsters with ESD was closely related to the green gland microbiota, whereas the carapace microbiota of healthy lobsters was more similar to the testis microbiota. Taken together, our findings suggest that ESD is associated with alterations in the structure and function of carapace microbiota, which may facilitate the invasion of bacteria into the green gland. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-04-05 /pmc/articles/PMC10113626/ /pubmed/37089549 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1093312 Text en Copyright © 2023 Schaubeck, Cao, Cavaleri, Mun and Jeon. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Schaubeck, Anna
Cao, Dianjun
Cavaleri, Vincent
Mun, Seyoung
Jeon, Soo Jin
Carapace microbiota in American lobsters (Homarus americanus) associated with epizootic shell disease and the green gland
title Carapace microbiota in American lobsters (Homarus americanus) associated with epizootic shell disease and the green gland
title_full Carapace microbiota in American lobsters (Homarus americanus) associated with epizootic shell disease and the green gland
title_fullStr Carapace microbiota in American lobsters (Homarus americanus) associated with epizootic shell disease and the green gland
title_full_unstemmed Carapace microbiota in American lobsters (Homarus americanus) associated with epizootic shell disease and the green gland
title_short Carapace microbiota in American lobsters (Homarus americanus) associated with epizootic shell disease and the green gland
title_sort carapace microbiota in american lobsters (homarus americanus) associated with epizootic shell disease and the green gland
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10113626/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37089549
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1093312
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