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Estimating flight trajectories of breaking balls from four-seam fastballs

It is widely acknowledged that understanding the physical mechanics of the flight trajectories of four-seam fastballs and breaking balls is crucial for players and coaches to enhance pitching performance. The characteristics of the flight trajectories of four-seam fastballs and breaking balls have b...

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Autores principales: Kimura, Arata, Nakashima, Hirotaka, Kuroyanagi, Shuntaro, Ando, Yuka, Liao, Penhao, Sakurai, Shinji
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10113627/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37090818
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2023.1092520
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author Kimura, Arata
Nakashima, Hirotaka
Kuroyanagi, Shuntaro
Ando, Yuka
Liao, Penhao
Sakurai, Shinji
author_facet Kimura, Arata
Nakashima, Hirotaka
Kuroyanagi, Shuntaro
Ando, Yuka
Liao, Penhao
Sakurai, Shinji
author_sort Kimura, Arata
collection PubMed
description It is widely acknowledged that understanding the physical mechanics of the flight trajectories of four-seam fastballs and breaking balls is crucial for players and coaches to enhance pitching performance. The characteristics of the flight trajectories of four-seam fastballs and breaking balls have been revealed; however, the relationship between them has not been examined. Here, we show the characteristics of the flight trajectory of breaking balls from the four-seam fastballs. We found that the direction of the deviation of the curveballs could be generally predicted from that of the four-seam fastballs. We also found that the limits of the deviation of the sliders can be determined from the direction of the deviation of the four-seam fastball. This study revealed the deviation of the breaking ball from the four-seam fastballs, which clearly showed the differences in the characteristics between curveballs and sliders. This study moved forward with the description of the physical properties of each pitch type and allowed us to obtain valuable insights and practical implications.
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spelling pubmed-101136272023-04-20 Estimating flight trajectories of breaking balls from four-seam fastballs Kimura, Arata Nakashima, Hirotaka Kuroyanagi, Shuntaro Ando, Yuka Liao, Penhao Sakurai, Shinji Front Sports Act Living Sports and Active Living It is widely acknowledged that understanding the physical mechanics of the flight trajectories of four-seam fastballs and breaking balls is crucial for players and coaches to enhance pitching performance. The characteristics of the flight trajectories of four-seam fastballs and breaking balls have been revealed; however, the relationship between them has not been examined. Here, we show the characteristics of the flight trajectory of breaking balls from the four-seam fastballs. We found that the direction of the deviation of the curveballs could be generally predicted from that of the four-seam fastballs. We also found that the limits of the deviation of the sliders can be determined from the direction of the deviation of the four-seam fastball. This study revealed the deviation of the breaking ball from the four-seam fastballs, which clearly showed the differences in the characteristics between curveballs and sliders. This study moved forward with the description of the physical properties of each pitch type and allowed us to obtain valuable insights and practical implications. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-04-05 /pmc/articles/PMC10113627/ /pubmed/37090818 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2023.1092520 Text en © 2023 Kimura, Nakashima, Kuroyanagi, Ando, Liao and Sakurai. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Sports and Active Living
Kimura, Arata
Nakashima, Hirotaka
Kuroyanagi, Shuntaro
Ando, Yuka
Liao, Penhao
Sakurai, Shinji
Estimating flight trajectories of breaking balls from four-seam fastballs
title Estimating flight trajectories of breaking balls from four-seam fastballs
title_full Estimating flight trajectories of breaking balls from four-seam fastballs
title_fullStr Estimating flight trajectories of breaking balls from four-seam fastballs
title_full_unstemmed Estimating flight trajectories of breaking balls from four-seam fastballs
title_short Estimating flight trajectories of breaking balls from four-seam fastballs
title_sort estimating flight trajectories of breaking balls from four-seam fastballs
topic Sports and Active Living
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10113627/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37090818
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2023.1092520
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