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Violent Discipline in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo: The Role of Child Gender and Disability Status in Cross-sectional Analysis
INTRODUCTION: Violence is used to punish or educate children across the world, with detrimental effects on their physical, emotional, and social health that persist into their adulthood. This study aimed to understand the use of violent discipline by caregivers in conflict-affected communities and h...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer US
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10115712/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36853372 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10995-023-03598-4 |
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author | Blackwell, Alexandra H. de Dieu Hategekimana, Jean Bauma, Daddy Roth, Danielle Thivillier, Pauline O’Connor, Meghan Falb, Kathryn |
author_facet | Blackwell, Alexandra H. de Dieu Hategekimana, Jean Bauma, Daddy Roth, Danielle Thivillier, Pauline O’Connor, Meghan Falb, Kathryn |
author_sort | Blackwell, Alexandra H. |
collection | PubMed |
description | INTRODUCTION: Violence is used to punish or educate children across the world, with detrimental effects on their physical, emotional, and social health that persist into their adulthood. This study aimed to understand the use of violent discipline by caregivers in conflict-affected communities and how it varied by the child’s gender and disability level. METHODS: Using cross-sectional data collected from 394 respondents (196 men and 198 women) in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo, logistic generalized estimating equations stratified by gender assessed the association between past-three-month perpetration of violent discipline, caregiver demographics, conflict experiences, and disability attitudes, as well as child demographics of age, gender, disability level, and the interaction of gender and disability. RESULTS: Compared to women with boy children with no disability, odds of perpetration of violent discipline were higher among those with girl children with no disability (aOR: 2.24; 95%CI: 1.11–4.51) and boy children with moderate or severe disability (aOR: 2.91; 95%CI: 1.14–7.33), and the interaction of girl children with a moderate or severe disability showed a 7.80 increase in odds of perpetration; however, association with women’s discriminatory disability attitudes was not significant. In contrast, the interaction of child gender and disability level were not significantly associated with perpetration of violent discipline for men, but disability attitudes were significantly associated (aOR: 1.07; 95%CI: 1.00-1.15). DISCUSSION: Results suggest that levels of violence in conflict-affected households in North Kivu, DRC are high, with women reporting higher levels of violent discipline overall, and amplified use of violence against girl children with disabilities. More research and programs with an intersectional lens are needed in conflict settings to better understand and address the use of violent discipline and underlying discriminatory norms around gender and disability. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10115712 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Springer US |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-101157122023-04-21 Violent Discipline in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo: The Role of Child Gender and Disability Status in Cross-sectional Analysis Blackwell, Alexandra H. de Dieu Hategekimana, Jean Bauma, Daddy Roth, Danielle Thivillier, Pauline O’Connor, Meghan Falb, Kathryn Matern Child Health J Article INTRODUCTION: Violence is used to punish or educate children across the world, with detrimental effects on their physical, emotional, and social health that persist into their adulthood. This study aimed to understand the use of violent discipline by caregivers in conflict-affected communities and how it varied by the child’s gender and disability level. METHODS: Using cross-sectional data collected from 394 respondents (196 men and 198 women) in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo, logistic generalized estimating equations stratified by gender assessed the association between past-three-month perpetration of violent discipline, caregiver demographics, conflict experiences, and disability attitudes, as well as child demographics of age, gender, disability level, and the interaction of gender and disability. RESULTS: Compared to women with boy children with no disability, odds of perpetration of violent discipline were higher among those with girl children with no disability (aOR: 2.24; 95%CI: 1.11–4.51) and boy children with moderate or severe disability (aOR: 2.91; 95%CI: 1.14–7.33), and the interaction of girl children with a moderate or severe disability showed a 7.80 increase in odds of perpetration; however, association with women’s discriminatory disability attitudes was not significant. In contrast, the interaction of child gender and disability level were not significantly associated with perpetration of violent discipline for men, but disability attitudes were significantly associated (aOR: 1.07; 95%CI: 1.00-1.15). DISCUSSION: Results suggest that levels of violence in conflict-affected households in North Kivu, DRC are high, with women reporting higher levels of violent discipline overall, and amplified use of violence against girl children with disabilities. More research and programs with an intersectional lens are needed in conflict settings to better understand and address the use of violent discipline and underlying discriminatory norms around gender and disability. Springer US 2023-02-28 2023 /pmc/articles/PMC10115712/ /pubmed/36853372 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10995-023-03598-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2023, Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Blackwell, Alexandra H. de Dieu Hategekimana, Jean Bauma, Daddy Roth, Danielle Thivillier, Pauline O’Connor, Meghan Falb, Kathryn Violent Discipline in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo: The Role of Child Gender and Disability Status in Cross-sectional Analysis |
title | Violent Discipline in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo: The Role of Child Gender and Disability Status in Cross-sectional Analysis |
title_full | Violent Discipline in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo: The Role of Child Gender and Disability Status in Cross-sectional Analysis |
title_fullStr | Violent Discipline in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo: The Role of Child Gender and Disability Status in Cross-sectional Analysis |
title_full_unstemmed | Violent Discipline in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo: The Role of Child Gender and Disability Status in Cross-sectional Analysis |
title_short | Violent Discipline in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo: The Role of Child Gender and Disability Status in Cross-sectional Analysis |
title_sort | violent discipline in north kivu, democratic republic of congo: the role of child gender and disability status in cross-sectional analysis |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10115712/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36853372 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10995-023-03598-4 |
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