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Dynamic stability during level walking and obstacle crossing in children aged 2–5 years estimated by marker-less motion capture

In the present study, dynamic stability during level walking and obstacle crossing in typically developing children aged 2–5 years (n = 13) and healthy young adults (n = 19) was investigated. The participants were asked to walk along unobstructed and obstructed walkways. The height of the obstacle w...

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Autores principales: Yoshimoto, Kohei, Mani, Hiroki, Hirose, Natsuki, Kurogi, Takaki, Aiko, Takumi, Shinya, Masahiro
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10116057/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37090815
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2023.1109581
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author Yoshimoto, Kohei
Mani, Hiroki
Hirose, Natsuki
Kurogi, Takaki
Aiko, Takumi
Shinya, Masahiro
author_facet Yoshimoto, Kohei
Mani, Hiroki
Hirose, Natsuki
Kurogi, Takaki
Aiko, Takumi
Shinya, Masahiro
author_sort Yoshimoto, Kohei
collection PubMed
description In the present study, dynamic stability during level walking and obstacle crossing in typically developing children aged 2–5 years (n = 13) and healthy young adults (n = 19) was investigated. The participants were asked to walk along unobstructed and obstructed walkways. The height of the obstacle was set at 10% of the leg length. Gait motion was captured by three RGB cameras. 2D body landmarks were estimated using OpenPose, a marker-less motion capture algorithm, and converted to 3D using direct linear transformation (DLT). Dynamic stability was evaluated using the margin of stability (MoS) in the forward and lateral directions. All the participants successfully crossed the obstacles. Younger children crossed the obstacle more carefully to avoid falls, as evidenced by obviously decreased gait speed just before the obstacle in 2-year-olds and the increased in maximum toe height with younger age. There was no significant difference in the MoS at the instant of heel contact between children and adults during level walking and obstacle crossing in the forward direction, although children increased the step length of the lead leg to a greater extent than the adults to ensure base of support (BoS)-center of mass (CoM) distance. In the lateral direction, children exhibited a greater MoS than adults during level walking [children: 9.5%, adults: 6.5%, median, W = 39.000, p < .001, rank-biserial correlation = −0.684]; however, some children exhibited a smaller MoS during obstacle crossing [lead leg: −5.9% to 3.6% (min–max) for 4 children, 4.7%–6.4% [95% confidence interval (CI)] for adults, p < 0.05; trail leg: 0.1%–4.4% (min–max) for 4 children, 4.7%–6.4% (95% CI) for adults, p < 0.05]]. These results indicate that in early childhood, locomotor adjustment needed to avoid contact with obstacles can be observed, whereas lateral dynamic stability is frangible.
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spelling pubmed-101160572023-04-21 Dynamic stability during level walking and obstacle crossing in children aged 2–5 years estimated by marker-less motion capture Yoshimoto, Kohei Mani, Hiroki Hirose, Natsuki Kurogi, Takaki Aiko, Takumi Shinya, Masahiro Front Sports Act Living Sports and Active Living In the present study, dynamic stability during level walking and obstacle crossing in typically developing children aged 2–5 years (n = 13) and healthy young adults (n = 19) was investigated. The participants were asked to walk along unobstructed and obstructed walkways. The height of the obstacle was set at 10% of the leg length. Gait motion was captured by three RGB cameras. 2D body landmarks were estimated using OpenPose, a marker-less motion capture algorithm, and converted to 3D using direct linear transformation (DLT). Dynamic stability was evaluated using the margin of stability (MoS) in the forward and lateral directions. All the participants successfully crossed the obstacles. Younger children crossed the obstacle more carefully to avoid falls, as evidenced by obviously decreased gait speed just before the obstacle in 2-year-olds and the increased in maximum toe height with younger age. There was no significant difference in the MoS at the instant of heel contact between children and adults during level walking and obstacle crossing in the forward direction, although children increased the step length of the lead leg to a greater extent than the adults to ensure base of support (BoS)-center of mass (CoM) distance. In the lateral direction, children exhibited a greater MoS than adults during level walking [children: 9.5%, adults: 6.5%, median, W = 39.000, p < .001, rank-biserial correlation = −0.684]; however, some children exhibited a smaller MoS during obstacle crossing [lead leg: −5.9% to 3.6% (min–max) for 4 children, 4.7%–6.4% [95% confidence interval (CI)] for adults, p < 0.05; trail leg: 0.1%–4.4% (min–max) for 4 children, 4.7%–6.4% (95% CI) for adults, p < 0.05]]. These results indicate that in early childhood, locomotor adjustment needed to avoid contact with obstacles can be observed, whereas lateral dynamic stability is frangible. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-04-06 /pmc/articles/PMC10116057/ /pubmed/37090815 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2023.1109581 Text en © 2023 Yoshimoto, Mani, Hirose, Kurogi, Aiko and Shinya. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Sports and Active Living
Yoshimoto, Kohei
Mani, Hiroki
Hirose, Natsuki
Kurogi, Takaki
Aiko, Takumi
Shinya, Masahiro
Dynamic stability during level walking and obstacle crossing in children aged 2–5 years estimated by marker-less motion capture
title Dynamic stability during level walking and obstacle crossing in children aged 2–5 years estimated by marker-less motion capture
title_full Dynamic stability during level walking and obstacle crossing in children aged 2–5 years estimated by marker-less motion capture
title_fullStr Dynamic stability during level walking and obstacle crossing in children aged 2–5 years estimated by marker-less motion capture
title_full_unstemmed Dynamic stability during level walking and obstacle crossing in children aged 2–5 years estimated by marker-less motion capture
title_short Dynamic stability during level walking and obstacle crossing in children aged 2–5 years estimated by marker-less motion capture
title_sort dynamic stability during level walking and obstacle crossing in children aged 2–5 years estimated by marker-less motion capture
topic Sports and Active Living
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10116057/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37090815
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2023.1109581
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