Focus on adrenal and related causes of hypertension in childhood and adolescence: Rare or rarely recognized?

High blood pressure (BP) is not restricted to adults; children and adolescents may also be affected, albeit less frequently. Aside from unfavorable environmental factors, such as obesity and sedentary life leading to early-onset essential hypertension (HT), several secondary causes must be investiga...

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Autores principales: Costa-Barbosa, Flávia A., Giorgi, Rafael B., Kater, Claudio E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Sociedade Brasileira de Endocrinologia e Metabologia 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10118774/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35929903
http://dx.doi.org/10.20945/2359-3997000000507
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author Costa-Barbosa, Flávia A.
Giorgi, Rafael B.
Kater, Claudio E.
author_facet Costa-Barbosa, Flávia A.
Giorgi, Rafael B.
Kater, Claudio E.
author_sort Costa-Barbosa, Flávia A.
collection PubMed
description High blood pressure (BP) is not restricted to adults; children and adolescents may also be affected, albeit less frequently. Aside from unfavorable environmental factors, such as obesity and sedentary life leading to early-onset essential hypertension (HT), several secondary causes must be investigated in the occasional hypertensive child/adolescent. Endocrine causes are relevant and multiple, related to the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, gonads, insulin, and others, but generally are associated with adrenal disease. This common scenario has several vital components, such as aldosterone, deoxycorticosterone (DOC), cortisol, or catecholamines, but there are also monogenic disorders involving the kidney tubule that cause inappropriate salt retention and HT that simulate adrenal disease. Finally, a blood vessel disease was recently described that may also participate in this vast spectrum of pediatric hypertensive disease. This review will shed some light on the diagnosis and management of conditions, focusing on the most prevalent adrenal (or adrenal-like) disturbances causing HT.
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spelling pubmed-101187742023-04-21 Focus on adrenal and related causes of hypertension in childhood and adolescence: Rare or rarely recognized? Costa-Barbosa, Flávia A. Giorgi, Rafael B. Kater, Claudio E. Arch Endocrinol Metab Review High blood pressure (BP) is not restricted to adults; children and adolescents may also be affected, albeit less frequently. Aside from unfavorable environmental factors, such as obesity and sedentary life leading to early-onset essential hypertension (HT), several secondary causes must be investigated in the occasional hypertensive child/adolescent. Endocrine causes are relevant and multiple, related to the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, gonads, insulin, and others, but generally are associated with adrenal disease. This common scenario has several vital components, such as aldosterone, deoxycorticosterone (DOC), cortisol, or catecholamines, but there are also monogenic disorders involving the kidney tubule that cause inappropriate salt retention and HT that simulate adrenal disease. Finally, a blood vessel disease was recently described that may also participate in this vast spectrum of pediatric hypertensive disease. This review will shed some light on the diagnosis and management of conditions, focusing on the most prevalent adrenal (or adrenal-like) disturbances causing HT. Sociedade Brasileira de Endocrinologia e Metabologia 2022-08-04 /pmc/articles/PMC10118774/ /pubmed/35929903 http://dx.doi.org/10.20945/2359-3997000000507 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review
Costa-Barbosa, Flávia A.
Giorgi, Rafael B.
Kater, Claudio E.
Focus on adrenal and related causes of hypertension in childhood and adolescence: Rare or rarely recognized?
title Focus on adrenal and related causes of hypertension in childhood and adolescence: Rare or rarely recognized?
title_full Focus on adrenal and related causes of hypertension in childhood and adolescence: Rare or rarely recognized?
title_fullStr Focus on adrenal and related causes of hypertension in childhood and adolescence: Rare or rarely recognized?
title_full_unstemmed Focus on adrenal and related causes of hypertension in childhood and adolescence: Rare or rarely recognized?
title_short Focus on adrenal and related causes of hypertension in childhood and adolescence: Rare or rarely recognized?
title_sort focus on adrenal and related causes of hypertension in childhood and adolescence: rare or rarely recognized?
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10118774/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35929903
http://dx.doi.org/10.20945/2359-3997000000507
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