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Methamphetamine-induced encephalopathy in the absence of hyperammonemia

BACKGROUND: Methamphetamine is an addictive drug with various effects on the neurotransmitters in the central nervous system. Methamphetamine-induced encephalopathy in the absence of hyperammonemia presents a unique challenge in a clinical setting. Previously published cases of methamphetamine-induc...

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Autores principales: Rabbany, Jessica M, Fitzgerald, Kaylee, Bowman, Jade, Dong, Fanglong, Neeki, Michael M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10120267/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37081388
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-04764-2
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author Rabbany, Jessica M
Fitzgerald, Kaylee
Bowman, Jade
Dong, Fanglong
Neeki, Michael M.
author_facet Rabbany, Jessica M
Fitzgerald, Kaylee
Bowman, Jade
Dong, Fanglong
Neeki, Michael M.
author_sort Rabbany, Jessica M
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Methamphetamine is an addictive drug with various effects on the neurotransmitters in the central nervous system. Methamphetamine-induced encephalopathy in the absence of hyperammonemia presents a unique challenge in a clinical setting. Previously published cases of methamphetamine-induced encephalopathy suggested that methamphetamine-induced hepatotoxicity and subsequent hyperammonemia may be the cause of encephalopathy. However, the literature is limited on methamphetamine-induced encephalopathy without hyperammonemia. CASE: This case presents a disoriented patient with methamphetamine use disorder in acute toxicity, unable to ambulate independently, and poorly responsive to verbal stimuli. The patient was found to have normal ammonia levels. DISCUSSION: This patient’s presentation and laboratory findings, namely normal ammonia levels, suggest a different pathophysiological pathway for methamphetamine-induced encephalopathy. One potential pathway is through the direct action of methamphetamine on the central nervous system through acute disruption of neurotransmitter signaling and disruption of the blood-brain barrier. CONCLUSION: Further research should be conducted into the prevalence and pathophysiology of methamphetamine-induced encephalopathy in the absence of hyperammonemia. KEY POINTS: Methamphetamine-induced encephalopathy (MIE) in the absence of hyperammonemia presents a unique challenge in a clinical setting. Previously published cases of MIE suggest that methamphetamine-induced hepatotoxicity and subsequent hyperammonemia may be the cause of encephalopathy. Further research should be conducted into the prevalence and pathophysiology of MIE in the absence of hyperammonemia.
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spelling pubmed-101202672023-04-22 Methamphetamine-induced encephalopathy in the absence of hyperammonemia Rabbany, Jessica M Fitzgerald, Kaylee Bowman, Jade Dong, Fanglong Neeki, Michael M. BMC Psychiatry Case Report BACKGROUND: Methamphetamine is an addictive drug with various effects on the neurotransmitters in the central nervous system. Methamphetamine-induced encephalopathy in the absence of hyperammonemia presents a unique challenge in a clinical setting. Previously published cases of methamphetamine-induced encephalopathy suggested that methamphetamine-induced hepatotoxicity and subsequent hyperammonemia may be the cause of encephalopathy. However, the literature is limited on methamphetamine-induced encephalopathy without hyperammonemia. CASE: This case presents a disoriented patient with methamphetamine use disorder in acute toxicity, unable to ambulate independently, and poorly responsive to verbal stimuli. The patient was found to have normal ammonia levels. DISCUSSION: This patient’s presentation and laboratory findings, namely normal ammonia levels, suggest a different pathophysiological pathway for methamphetamine-induced encephalopathy. One potential pathway is through the direct action of methamphetamine on the central nervous system through acute disruption of neurotransmitter signaling and disruption of the blood-brain barrier. CONCLUSION: Further research should be conducted into the prevalence and pathophysiology of methamphetamine-induced encephalopathy in the absence of hyperammonemia. KEY POINTS: Methamphetamine-induced encephalopathy (MIE) in the absence of hyperammonemia presents a unique challenge in a clinical setting. Previously published cases of MIE suggest that methamphetamine-induced hepatotoxicity and subsequent hyperammonemia may be the cause of encephalopathy. Further research should be conducted into the prevalence and pathophysiology of MIE in the absence of hyperammonemia. BioMed Central 2023-04-20 /pmc/articles/PMC10120267/ /pubmed/37081388 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-04764-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Case Report
Rabbany, Jessica M
Fitzgerald, Kaylee
Bowman, Jade
Dong, Fanglong
Neeki, Michael M.
Methamphetamine-induced encephalopathy in the absence of hyperammonemia
title Methamphetamine-induced encephalopathy in the absence of hyperammonemia
title_full Methamphetamine-induced encephalopathy in the absence of hyperammonemia
title_fullStr Methamphetamine-induced encephalopathy in the absence of hyperammonemia
title_full_unstemmed Methamphetamine-induced encephalopathy in the absence of hyperammonemia
title_short Methamphetamine-induced encephalopathy in the absence of hyperammonemia
title_sort methamphetamine-induced encephalopathy in the absence of hyperammonemia
topic Case Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10120267/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37081388
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-04764-2
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