Pyoperitoneum as a consequence of perinephric abscess spontaneous rupture. A case report

Intra-abdominal infections are a common cause of severe sepsis and have a significantly high morbidity and mortality rate. Patients continue to present to hospitals with unacceptable delays in diagnosis or management, resulting in sepsis and organ failure, which lower their survival chances. We reported a rare case of a 64-year-old Syrian woman with a spontaneous rupture of a perinephric abscess that resulted in intra-abdominal infection and ascites, which led to sepsis and multiple organ failure despite resuscitation and antibiotic treatment according to guidelines. Although the recommendations for patients with intra-abdominal infection and hemodynamic instability differ, there is an agreement that surgery should be considered early when other interventional approaches have failed. Rupture of the perinephric abscess rarely produces intra-abdominal infection and ascites; effective care requires early and appropriate infection source identification. To avoid delays, doctors need to use academic methods in developing diagnoses and management.