Persistent Right Umbilical Vein in Association With Single Umbilical Artery: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Persistent right umbilical vein (PRUV) and single umbilical artery (SUA) are developmental malformations of the vascular system. In isolation, these are not rare, but the presence of these two malformations together is not very common. When they are present together, there are increased chances of associated congenital anomalies, especially anomalies of the vascular system. So, when these two coexist, a detailed examination of all other organ systems, especially the cardiovascular system, should be conducted. The accurate evaluation of such vascular malformations during fetal life is needed to provide adequate antenatal counseling, the timing of delivery, and appropriate post-natal care. We report a case of a primigravida who was diagnosed with PRUV and SUA in the fifth month of gestation. In this article, we discuss this case's management with a literature review. The anomaly scan done at around 21 weeks revealed a two-vesseled umbilical cord with an SUA and PRUV. Apart from this, there were no other structural anomalies. The patient had preterm delivery at 35 weeks 5 days gestation period and delivered a 2.6 kg male baby.