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Epidemiology and prevalence of tobacco use in Tehran; a report from the recruitment phase of Tehran cohort study

INTRODUCTION: Tobacco use is a major health concern worldwide, especially in low/middle-income countries. We aimed to assess the prevalence of cigarette smoking, waterpipe, and pipe use in Tehran, Iran. METHODS: We used data from 8272 participants of the Tehran Cohort Study recruitment phase. Tobacc...

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Autores principales: Shafiee, Akbar, Oraii, Alireza, Jalali, Arash, Alaeddini, Farshid, Saadat, Soheil, Masoudkabir, Farzad, Tajdini, Masih, Ashraf, Haleh, Omidi, Negar, Heidari, Amirhossein, Shamloo, Alireza Sepehri, Sadeghian, Saeed, Boroumand, Mohamamdali, Vasheghani-Farahani, Ali, Karimi, Abbasali, Franco, Oscar H.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10122292/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37085856
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-15629-4
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author Shafiee, Akbar
Oraii, Alireza
Jalali, Arash
Alaeddini, Farshid
Saadat, Soheil
Masoudkabir, Farzad
Tajdini, Masih
Ashraf, Haleh
Omidi, Negar
Heidari, Amirhossein
Shamloo, Alireza Sepehri
Sadeghian, Saeed
Boroumand, Mohamamdali
Vasheghani-Farahani, Ali
Karimi, Abbasali
Franco, Oscar H.
author_facet Shafiee, Akbar
Oraii, Alireza
Jalali, Arash
Alaeddini, Farshid
Saadat, Soheil
Masoudkabir, Farzad
Tajdini, Masih
Ashraf, Haleh
Omidi, Negar
Heidari, Amirhossein
Shamloo, Alireza Sepehri
Sadeghian, Saeed
Boroumand, Mohamamdali
Vasheghani-Farahani, Ali
Karimi, Abbasali
Franco, Oscar H.
author_sort Shafiee, Akbar
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Tobacco use is a major health concern worldwide, especially in low/middle-income countries. We aimed to assess the prevalence of cigarette smoking, waterpipe, and pipe use in Tehran, Iran. METHODS: We used data from 8272 participants of the Tehran Cohort Study recruitment phase. Tobacco use was defined as a positive answer to using cigarettes, waterpipes, or pipes. Participants who did not report tobacco use during the interview but had a previous smoking history were categorized as former users. Age- and sex-weighted prevalence rates were calculated based on the national census data, and characteristics of current and former tobacco users were analyzed. RESULTS: Age- and sex-weighted prevalence of current tobacco users, cigarette smokers, waterpipe, and pipe users in Tehran was 19.8%, 14.9%, 6.1%, and 0.5%, respectively. Current tobacco use was higher in younger individuals (35–45 years: 23.4% vs. ≥ 75 years: 10.4%, P < 0.001) and men compared to women (32.9% vs. 7.7% P < 0.001). The prevalence of tobacco use increased with more years of education (> 12 years: 19.3% vs. illiterate: 9.7%, P < 0.001), lower body mass index (< 20 kg/m(2): 31.3% vs. ≥ 35 kg/m(2): 13.8%, P < 0.001), higher physical activity (high: 23.0% vs. low: 16.4%, P < 0.001), opium (user: 66.6% vs. non-user: 16.5%, P < 0.001), and alcohol use (drinker: 57.5% vs. non-drinker: 15.4%, P < 0.001). Waterpipe users were younger (46.1 vs. 53.2 years) and had a narrower gender gap in prevalence than cigarette smokers (male/female ratio in waterpipe users: 2.39 vs. cigarette smokers: 5.47). Opium (OR = 5.557, P < 0.001) and alcohol consumption (OR = 4.737, P < 0.001) were strongly associated with tobacco use. Hypertension was negatively associated with tobacco use (OR = 0.774, P = 0.005). CONCLUSION: The concerning prevalence of tobacco use in Tehran and its large gender gap for cigarette and waterpipe use warrant tailored preventive policies. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-023-15629-4.
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spelling pubmed-101222922023-04-23 Epidemiology and prevalence of tobacco use in Tehran; a report from the recruitment phase of Tehran cohort study Shafiee, Akbar Oraii, Alireza Jalali, Arash Alaeddini, Farshid Saadat, Soheil Masoudkabir, Farzad Tajdini, Masih Ashraf, Haleh Omidi, Negar Heidari, Amirhossein Shamloo, Alireza Sepehri Sadeghian, Saeed Boroumand, Mohamamdali Vasheghani-Farahani, Ali Karimi, Abbasali Franco, Oscar H. BMC Public Health Research INTRODUCTION: Tobacco use is a major health concern worldwide, especially in low/middle-income countries. We aimed to assess the prevalence of cigarette smoking, waterpipe, and pipe use in Tehran, Iran. METHODS: We used data from 8272 participants of the Tehran Cohort Study recruitment phase. Tobacco use was defined as a positive answer to using cigarettes, waterpipes, or pipes. Participants who did not report tobacco use during the interview but had a previous smoking history were categorized as former users. Age- and sex-weighted prevalence rates were calculated based on the national census data, and characteristics of current and former tobacco users were analyzed. RESULTS: Age- and sex-weighted prevalence of current tobacco users, cigarette smokers, waterpipe, and pipe users in Tehran was 19.8%, 14.9%, 6.1%, and 0.5%, respectively. Current tobacco use was higher in younger individuals (35–45 years: 23.4% vs. ≥ 75 years: 10.4%, P < 0.001) and men compared to women (32.9% vs. 7.7% P < 0.001). The prevalence of tobacco use increased with more years of education (> 12 years: 19.3% vs. illiterate: 9.7%, P < 0.001), lower body mass index (< 20 kg/m(2): 31.3% vs. ≥ 35 kg/m(2): 13.8%, P < 0.001), higher physical activity (high: 23.0% vs. low: 16.4%, P < 0.001), opium (user: 66.6% vs. non-user: 16.5%, P < 0.001), and alcohol use (drinker: 57.5% vs. non-drinker: 15.4%, P < 0.001). Waterpipe users were younger (46.1 vs. 53.2 years) and had a narrower gender gap in prevalence than cigarette smokers (male/female ratio in waterpipe users: 2.39 vs. cigarette smokers: 5.47). Opium (OR = 5.557, P < 0.001) and alcohol consumption (OR = 4.737, P < 0.001) were strongly associated with tobacco use. Hypertension was negatively associated with tobacco use (OR = 0.774, P = 0.005). CONCLUSION: The concerning prevalence of tobacco use in Tehran and its large gender gap for cigarette and waterpipe use warrant tailored preventive policies. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-023-15629-4. BioMed Central 2023-04-21 /pmc/articles/PMC10122292/ /pubmed/37085856 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-15629-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Shafiee, Akbar
Oraii, Alireza
Jalali, Arash
Alaeddini, Farshid
Saadat, Soheil
Masoudkabir, Farzad
Tajdini, Masih
Ashraf, Haleh
Omidi, Negar
Heidari, Amirhossein
Shamloo, Alireza Sepehri
Sadeghian, Saeed
Boroumand, Mohamamdali
Vasheghani-Farahani, Ali
Karimi, Abbasali
Franco, Oscar H.
Epidemiology and prevalence of tobacco use in Tehran; a report from the recruitment phase of Tehran cohort study
title Epidemiology and prevalence of tobacco use in Tehran; a report from the recruitment phase of Tehran cohort study
title_full Epidemiology and prevalence of tobacco use in Tehran; a report from the recruitment phase of Tehran cohort study
title_fullStr Epidemiology and prevalence of tobacco use in Tehran; a report from the recruitment phase of Tehran cohort study
title_full_unstemmed Epidemiology and prevalence of tobacco use in Tehran; a report from the recruitment phase of Tehran cohort study
title_short Epidemiology and prevalence of tobacco use in Tehran; a report from the recruitment phase of Tehran cohort study
title_sort epidemiology and prevalence of tobacco use in tehran; a report from the recruitment phase of tehran cohort study
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10122292/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37085856
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-15629-4
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