Cargando…
Biomolecular Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation for Biotechnology
The liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) of biomolecules induces condensed assemblies called liquid droplets or membrane-less organelles. In contrast to organelles with lipid membrane barriers, the liquid droplets induced by LLPS do not have distinct barriers (lipid bilayer). Biomolecular LLPS in c...
Autores principales: | , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10123627/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37092470 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biotech12020026 |
_version_ | 1785029696639991808 |
---|---|
author | Shil, Sumit Tsuruta, Mitsuki Kawauchi, Keiko Miyoshi, Daisuke |
author_facet | Shil, Sumit Tsuruta, Mitsuki Kawauchi, Keiko Miyoshi, Daisuke |
author_sort | Shil, Sumit |
collection | PubMed |
description | The liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) of biomolecules induces condensed assemblies called liquid droplets or membrane-less organelles. In contrast to organelles with lipid membrane barriers, the liquid droplets induced by LLPS do not have distinct barriers (lipid bilayer). Biomolecular LLPS in cells has attracted considerable attention in broad research fields from cellular biology to soft matter physics. The physical and chemical properties of LLPS exert a variety of functions in living cells: activating and deactivating biomolecules involving enzymes; controlling the localization, condensation, and concentration of biomolecules; the filtration and purification of biomolecules; and sensing environmental factors for fast, adaptive, and reversible responses. The versatility of LLPS plays an essential role in various biological processes, such as controlling the central dogma and the onset mechanism of pathological diseases. Moreover, biomolecular LLPS could be critical for developing new biotechnologies such as the condensation, purification, and activation of a series of biomolecules. In this review article, we introduce some fundamental aspects and recent progress of biomolecular LLPS in living cells and test tubes. Then, we discuss applications of biomolecular LLPS toward biotechnologies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10123627 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-101236272023-04-25 Biomolecular Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation for Biotechnology Shil, Sumit Tsuruta, Mitsuki Kawauchi, Keiko Miyoshi, Daisuke BioTech (Basel) Review The liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) of biomolecules induces condensed assemblies called liquid droplets or membrane-less organelles. In contrast to organelles with lipid membrane barriers, the liquid droplets induced by LLPS do not have distinct barriers (lipid bilayer). Biomolecular LLPS in cells has attracted considerable attention in broad research fields from cellular biology to soft matter physics. The physical and chemical properties of LLPS exert a variety of functions in living cells: activating and deactivating biomolecules involving enzymes; controlling the localization, condensation, and concentration of biomolecules; the filtration and purification of biomolecules; and sensing environmental factors for fast, adaptive, and reversible responses. The versatility of LLPS plays an essential role in various biological processes, such as controlling the central dogma and the onset mechanism of pathological diseases. Moreover, biomolecular LLPS could be critical for developing new biotechnologies such as the condensation, purification, and activation of a series of biomolecules. In this review article, we introduce some fundamental aspects and recent progress of biomolecular LLPS in living cells and test tubes. Then, we discuss applications of biomolecular LLPS toward biotechnologies. MDPI 2023-04-01 /pmc/articles/PMC10123627/ /pubmed/37092470 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biotech12020026 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Shil, Sumit Tsuruta, Mitsuki Kawauchi, Keiko Miyoshi, Daisuke Biomolecular Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation for Biotechnology |
title | Biomolecular Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation for Biotechnology |
title_full | Biomolecular Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation for Biotechnology |
title_fullStr | Biomolecular Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation for Biotechnology |
title_full_unstemmed | Biomolecular Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation for Biotechnology |
title_short | Biomolecular Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation for Biotechnology |
title_sort | biomolecular liquid–liquid phase separation for biotechnology |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10123627/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37092470 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biotech12020026 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT shilsumit biomolecularliquidliquidphaseseparationforbiotechnology AT tsurutamitsuki biomolecularliquidliquidphaseseparationforbiotechnology AT kawauchikeiko biomolecularliquidliquidphaseseparationforbiotechnology AT miyoshidaisuke biomolecularliquidliquidphaseseparationforbiotechnology |