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High prevalence of hepatitis B virus and low vaccine response in children and adolescents in Northeastern Brazil

Children have an increased likelihood of becoming carriers of the chronic hepatitis B virus. A total of 1,381 children and adolescents were assessed in five municipalities of Maranhao State, Brazil, for detection of anti-HBc, HBsAg and anti-HBs serologic markers and sociodemographic and behavioral f...

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Autores principales: Castro, Rogério Soares, Cordeiro, Bárbara Silva, Rolim, Marco Aurélio Ferreira, Costa, Alessandra Porto de Macedo, Santos, Max Diego Cruz, da Silva, Marcos Antonio Custódio Neto, Albuquerque, Ingrid de Campos, Fonseca, Lena Maria Barros, Pinho, João Renato Rebello, Gouvêa, Michelle Soares Gomes, da Silva, Antônio Augusto Moura, Ferreira, Adalgisa de Souza Paiva
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10124778/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37098921
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1678-9946202365033
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author Castro, Rogério Soares
Cordeiro, Bárbara Silva
Rolim, Marco Aurélio Ferreira
Costa, Alessandra Porto de Macedo
Santos, Max Diego Cruz
da Silva, Marcos Antonio Custódio Neto
Albuquerque, Ingrid de Campos
Fonseca, Lena Maria Barros
Pinho, João Renato Rebello
Gouvêa, Michelle Soares Gomes
da Silva, Antônio Augusto Moura
Ferreira, Adalgisa de Souza Paiva
author_facet Castro, Rogério Soares
Cordeiro, Bárbara Silva
Rolim, Marco Aurélio Ferreira
Costa, Alessandra Porto de Macedo
Santos, Max Diego Cruz
da Silva, Marcos Antonio Custódio Neto
Albuquerque, Ingrid de Campos
Fonseca, Lena Maria Barros
Pinho, João Renato Rebello
Gouvêa, Michelle Soares Gomes
da Silva, Antônio Augusto Moura
Ferreira, Adalgisa de Souza Paiva
author_sort Castro, Rogério Soares
collection PubMed
description Children have an increased likelihood of becoming carriers of the chronic hepatitis B virus. A total of 1,381 children and adolescents were assessed in five municipalities of Maranhao State, Brazil, for detection of anti-HBc, HBsAg and anti-HBs serologic markers and sociodemographic and behavioral features. Among those who were HBsAg negative and anti-HBc negative, the proportion of anti-HBs positives was calculated after the individuals had completed the vaccination schedule. The robust variance of the Poisson’s regression model was used in order to have adjusted tables and calculate the prevalence ratio. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify the factors associated with the prevalence of anti-HBc with or without HBsAg and the vaccine response. It was observed that 163 children were anti-HBc positive and nine individuals were HBsAg positive. The factors associated with the infection were: municipality of residence (residing in Morros municipality or Humberto de Campos municipality), residence in a rural area, aged between 13 and 15 years old, and illicit drug use. The percentage of individuals who were anti-HBc negative and received all three doses of the vaccine was 48.5%. Among these, only 276 (38.9%) had antibodies at protective concentrations. In an adjusted analysis, Morros municipality presented an increased positivity of vaccine response (p < 0.001), and the age ranging between 6 and 10 years old presented a reduced frequency of response. This study reveals a high prevalence of current and past HBV infection within the targeted age group which, in addition to the low vaccination coverage and serological responses, raises concerns about the management of prevention measures, especially the quality of vaccination in these locations.
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spelling pubmed-101247782023-04-25 High prevalence of hepatitis B virus and low vaccine response in children and adolescents in Northeastern Brazil Castro, Rogério Soares Cordeiro, Bárbara Silva Rolim, Marco Aurélio Ferreira Costa, Alessandra Porto de Macedo Santos, Max Diego Cruz da Silva, Marcos Antonio Custódio Neto Albuquerque, Ingrid de Campos Fonseca, Lena Maria Barros Pinho, João Renato Rebello Gouvêa, Michelle Soares Gomes da Silva, Antônio Augusto Moura Ferreira, Adalgisa de Souza Paiva Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo Original Article Children have an increased likelihood of becoming carriers of the chronic hepatitis B virus. A total of 1,381 children and adolescents were assessed in five municipalities of Maranhao State, Brazil, for detection of anti-HBc, HBsAg and anti-HBs serologic markers and sociodemographic and behavioral features. Among those who were HBsAg negative and anti-HBc negative, the proportion of anti-HBs positives was calculated after the individuals had completed the vaccination schedule. The robust variance of the Poisson’s regression model was used in order to have adjusted tables and calculate the prevalence ratio. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify the factors associated with the prevalence of anti-HBc with or without HBsAg and the vaccine response. It was observed that 163 children were anti-HBc positive and nine individuals were HBsAg positive. The factors associated with the infection were: municipality of residence (residing in Morros municipality or Humberto de Campos municipality), residence in a rural area, aged between 13 and 15 years old, and illicit drug use. The percentage of individuals who were anti-HBc negative and received all three doses of the vaccine was 48.5%. Among these, only 276 (38.9%) had antibodies at protective concentrations. In an adjusted analysis, Morros municipality presented an increased positivity of vaccine response (p < 0.001), and the age ranging between 6 and 10 years old presented a reduced frequency of response. This study reveals a high prevalence of current and past HBV infection within the targeted age group which, in addition to the low vaccination coverage and serological responses, raises concerns about the management of prevention measures, especially the quality of vaccination in these locations. Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 2023-04-21 /pmc/articles/PMC10124778/ /pubmed/37098921 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1678-9946202365033 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Castro, Rogério Soares
Cordeiro, Bárbara Silva
Rolim, Marco Aurélio Ferreira
Costa, Alessandra Porto de Macedo
Santos, Max Diego Cruz
da Silva, Marcos Antonio Custódio Neto
Albuquerque, Ingrid de Campos
Fonseca, Lena Maria Barros
Pinho, João Renato Rebello
Gouvêa, Michelle Soares Gomes
da Silva, Antônio Augusto Moura
Ferreira, Adalgisa de Souza Paiva
High prevalence of hepatitis B virus and low vaccine response in children and adolescents in Northeastern Brazil
title High prevalence of hepatitis B virus and low vaccine response in children and adolescents in Northeastern Brazil
title_full High prevalence of hepatitis B virus and low vaccine response in children and adolescents in Northeastern Brazil
title_fullStr High prevalence of hepatitis B virus and low vaccine response in children and adolescents in Northeastern Brazil
title_full_unstemmed High prevalence of hepatitis B virus and low vaccine response in children and adolescents in Northeastern Brazil
title_short High prevalence of hepatitis B virus and low vaccine response in children and adolescents in Northeastern Brazil
title_sort high prevalence of hepatitis b virus and low vaccine response in children and adolescents in northeastern brazil
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10124778/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37098921
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1678-9946202365033
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