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Infantile B-lymphoblastic leukemia: a case series and review of the literature

Infantile leukemia is a rare hematological malignancy that occurs in the first year of life. It is an aggressive disease with peculiar immunophenotypic, cytogenetic, and molecular characteristics. It can be myeloid or lymphoid in origin. More than 80% of cases involve KMT2A gene rearrangement in the...

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Autores principales: Mansoor, Neelum, Imran, Sadia, Maqsood, Sidra, Pasha, Shadab, Jabbar, Naeem
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10127210/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37066443
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03000605231167789
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author Mansoor, Neelum
Imran, Sadia
Maqsood, Sidra
Pasha, Shadab
Jabbar, Naeem
author_facet Mansoor, Neelum
Imran, Sadia
Maqsood, Sidra
Pasha, Shadab
Jabbar, Naeem
author_sort Mansoor, Neelum
collection PubMed
description Infantile leukemia is a rare hematological malignancy that occurs in the first year of life. It is an aggressive disease with peculiar immunophenotypic, cytogenetic, and molecular characteristics. It can be myeloid or lymphoid in origin. More than 80% of cases involve KMT2A gene rearrangement in the lymphoblastic subset, versus 50% in the myeloid subset. In this study, we present three cases of this rare entity to add knowledge about its clinical presentation and diagnostic profiles. These cases of infantile B-lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) were retrospectively reviewed at the Department of Hematology, Section Cytogenetics at Indus Hospital and Health Network. The clinical characteristics, complete diagnostic profile, immunophenotypic profile, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) results, treatments, and outcomes of the patients were assessed. All three infants were girls who presented with hyperleukocytosis, and they were diagnosed by eight-color flow cytometry. FISH studies revealed KMT2A gene rearrangement in two of the three patients. Infantile B-ALL is a biologically distinct disease carrying a poor prognosis. Female preponderance, hyperleukocytosis, and hepatosplenomegaly are common findings in this subgroup. No standard protocol for this rare entity has proven ideal for managing these young infants.
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spelling pubmed-101272102023-04-26 Infantile B-lymphoblastic leukemia: a case series and review of the literature Mansoor, Neelum Imran, Sadia Maqsood, Sidra Pasha, Shadab Jabbar, Naeem J Int Med Res Case Series Infantile leukemia is a rare hematological malignancy that occurs in the first year of life. It is an aggressive disease with peculiar immunophenotypic, cytogenetic, and molecular characteristics. It can be myeloid or lymphoid in origin. More than 80% of cases involve KMT2A gene rearrangement in the lymphoblastic subset, versus 50% in the myeloid subset. In this study, we present three cases of this rare entity to add knowledge about its clinical presentation and diagnostic profiles. These cases of infantile B-lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) were retrospectively reviewed at the Department of Hematology, Section Cytogenetics at Indus Hospital and Health Network. The clinical characteristics, complete diagnostic profile, immunophenotypic profile, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) results, treatments, and outcomes of the patients were assessed. All three infants were girls who presented with hyperleukocytosis, and they were diagnosed by eight-color flow cytometry. FISH studies revealed KMT2A gene rearrangement in two of the three patients. Infantile B-ALL is a biologically distinct disease carrying a poor prognosis. Female preponderance, hyperleukocytosis, and hepatosplenomegaly are common findings in this subgroup. No standard protocol for this rare entity has proven ideal for managing these young infants. SAGE Publications 2023-04-17 /pmc/articles/PMC10127210/ /pubmed/37066443 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03000605231167789 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/Creative Commons Non Commercial CC BY-NC: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle Case Series
Mansoor, Neelum
Imran, Sadia
Maqsood, Sidra
Pasha, Shadab
Jabbar, Naeem
Infantile B-lymphoblastic leukemia: a case series and review of the literature
title Infantile B-lymphoblastic leukemia: a case series and review of the literature
title_full Infantile B-lymphoblastic leukemia: a case series and review of the literature
title_fullStr Infantile B-lymphoblastic leukemia: a case series and review of the literature
title_full_unstemmed Infantile B-lymphoblastic leukemia: a case series and review of the literature
title_short Infantile B-lymphoblastic leukemia: a case series and review of the literature
title_sort infantile b-lymphoblastic leukemia: a case series and review of the literature
topic Case Series
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10127210/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37066443
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03000605231167789
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