Bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome and motor dysfunction caused by gout and type 2 diabetes: A case report

BACKGROUND: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) has been associated with gout and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, due to insufficient clinical understanding of gout-related CTS and reliance on the diagnostic importance of elevated serum uric acid levels, such cases are prone to missed diagnosis, misdiagnosis, and delayed treatment. In addition, the effect of T2DM on gout - induced carpal tunnel syndrome has not been reported. CASE SUMMARY: Herein, we present an unusual case of CTS and motor dysfunction caused by miliary tophaceous gout and T2DM. The patient presented to the hand and foot clinic with paresthesia of the fingers of both hands, especially at night. The patient was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes a month ago. Ultrasonography revealed bilateral transverse carpal ligament thickening with median nerve compression during hospitalization. The patient was successfully treated with carpal tunnel decompression and tendon release. The postoperative pathological examination revealed typical gout nodules. This case suggests that the presence of T2DM could accelerate tophi formation and worsen CTS symptoms, although no definitive proof in this regard has been described previously. CONCLUSION: Tophi formation may most likely cause the co-occurrence of CTS and flexor dysfunction in gout and incipient diabetes patients.