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Physiomorphic and molecular-based evaluation of wheat germplasm under drought and heat stress
Drought and heat stress are potential problems that can reduce wheat yield, particularly during the terminal growth stages in arid and semiarid regions of the world. The current study intended to examine the impact of individual and combined drought and heat stress on the biochemical contents (antio...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10131247/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37123840 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1107945 |
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author | Alsamadany, Hameed Alzahrani, Yahya Shah, Zahid Hussain |
author_facet | Alsamadany, Hameed Alzahrani, Yahya Shah, Zahid Hussain |
author_sort | Alsamadany, Hameed |
collection | PubMed |
description | Drought and heat stress are potential problems that can reduce wheat yield, particularly during the terminal growth stages in arid and semiarid regions of the world. The current study intended to examine the impact of individual and combined drought and heat stress on the biochemical contents (antioxidant enzymes, proline, soluble proteins, and soluble sugars), physiological parameters (chlorophyll content, cell membrane stability, photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and transpiration), plant–water relations (relative water content, water potential, osmotic potential, and pressure potential), agronomic traits (flag leaf area, plant height, number of tillers per plant, spike length, grains per spike, and thousand-grain weight), and gene expression (TaHSF1a, TaWRKY-33, TaNAC2L, and TaGASR1) in four different thermostable and drought-tolerant wheat genotypes (i.e., Gold-16, HS-240, Suntop, and Hemai-13) collected from different countries. The tri-replicate experiment was conducted using two factorial arrangements in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). All measured traits, except total soluble sugars, proline, and cell membrane stability index, showed significant reduction under both combined and individual treatments. Furthermore, correlation analysis revealed a significant association between biochemical and physiological characteristics and crop agronomic productivity. Furthermore, principal component analysis (PCA) and heatmap analysis demonstrated significant levels of variation in traits according to the type of stress and nature of wheat genotype. The spectrographs and micrographs generated by scanning electron microscopy for the selected high- and low- tolerance samples revealed clear differences in mineral distribution and starch granulation. All studied genes showed comparatively high levels of relative expression under combined treatments of drought and heat stress in all wheat genotypes, but this expression was the highest in ‘Gold-16’ followed by ‘HS-240’, ‘Suntop’, and ‘Hemai-13’. Overall, this study concluded that plants are proactive entities and they respond to stresses at all levels; however, the tolerant plants tend to retain the integrity of their biochemical, physiological, and molecular equilibrium. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10131247 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-101312472023-04-27 Physiomorphic and molecular-based evaluation of wheat germplasm under drought and heat stress Alsamadany, Hameed Alzahrani, Yahya Shah, Zahid Hussain Front Plant Sci Plant Science Drought and heat stress are potential problems that can reduce wheat yield, particularly during the terminal growth stages in arid and semiarid regions of the world. The current study intended to examine the impact of individual and combined drought and heat stress on the biochemical contents (antioxidant enzymes, proline, soluble proteins, and soluble sugars), physiological parameters (chlorophyll content, cell membrane stability, photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and transpiration), plant–water relations (relative water content, water potential, osmotic potential, and pressure potential), agronomic traits (flag leaf area, plant height, number of tillers per plant, spike length, grains per spike, and thousand-grain weight), and gene expression (TaHSF1a, TaWRKY-33, TaNAC2L, and TaGASR1) in four different thermostable and drought-tolerant wheat genotypes (i.e., Gold-16, HS-240, Suntop, and Hemai-13) collected from different countries. The tri-replicate experiment was conducted using two factorial arrangements in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). All measured traits, except total soluble sugars, proline, and cell membrane stability index, showed significant reduction under both combined and individual treatments. Furthermore, correlation analysis revealed a significant association between biochemical and physiological characteristics and crop agronomic productivity. Furthermore, principal component analysis (PCA) and heatmap analysis demonstrated significant levels of variation in traits according to the type of stress and nature of wheat genotype. The spectrographs and micrographs generated by scanning electron microscopy for the selected high- and low- tolerance samples revealed clear differences in mineral distribution and starch granulation. All studied genes showed comparatively high levels of relative expression under combined treatments of drought and heat stress in all wheat genotypes, but this expression was the highest in ‘Gold-16’ followed by ‘HS-240’, ‘Suntop’, and ‘Hemai-13’. Overall, this study concluded that plants are proactive entities and they respond to stresses at all levels; however, the tolerant plants tend to retain the integrity of their biochemical, physiological, and molecular equilibrium. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-04-12 /pmc/articles/PMC10131247/ /pubmed/37123840 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1107945 Text en Copyright © 2023 Alsamadany, Alzahrani and Shah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Plant Science Alsamadany, Hameed Alzahrani, Yahya Shah, Zahid Hussain Physiomorphic and molecular-based evaluation of wheat germplasm under drought and heat stress |
title | Physiomorphic and molecular-based evaluation of wheat germplasm under drought and heat stress |
title_full | Physiomorphic and molecular-based evaluation of wheat germplasm under drought and heat stress |
title_fullStr | Physiomorphic and molecular-based evaluation of wheat germplasm under drought and heat stress |
title_full_unstemmed | Physiomorphic and molecular-based evaluation of wheat germplasm under drought and heat stress |
title_short | Physiomorphic and molecular-based evaluation of wheat germplasm under drought and heat stress |
title_sort | physiomorphic and molecular-based evaluation of wheat germplasm under drought and heat stress |
topic | Plant Science |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10131247/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37123840 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1107945 |
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