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Risk Assessment of Pre-dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Patients for Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria: A Case-Controlled Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the chronic kidney disease (CKD) population. CKD patients are more likely to die from CVD before ever reaching end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The study, therefore, seeks to identify the prevalence of risk...

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Autores principales: Ovwasa, Henry, Aiwuyo, Henry O, ‪Okoye, Ogochukwu A, Umuerri, Ejiroghene M, Obasohan, Austine, Unuigbe, Evelyn, Rajora, Nilum
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cureus 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10132851/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37123714
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.36725
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author Ovwasa, Henry
Aiwuyo, Henry O
‪Okoye, Ogochukwu A
Umuerri, Ejiroghene M
Obasohan, Austine
Unuigbe, Evelyn
Rajora, Nilum
author_facet Ovwasa, Henry
Aiwuyo, Henry O
‪Okoye, Ogochukwu A
Umuerri, Ejiroghene M
Obasohan, Austine
Unuigbe, Evelyn
Rajora, Nilum
author_sort Ovwasa, Henry
collection PubMed
description Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the chronic kidney disease (CKD) population. CKD patients are more likely to die from CVD before ever reaching end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The study, therefore, seeks to identify the prevalence of risk factors of CVD in CKD patients such as systemic hypertension, anemia, dyslipidemia, hypoalbuminemia, albuminuria, and abnormal calcium/phosphate products. Methods: The study was a case-control cross-sectional study where one hundred fifty hypertensive CKD patients and age- and sex-matched hypertensive non-CKD subjects were consecutively enrolled at the renal unit of Delta State University Teaching Hospital (DELSUTH), Oghara. Results: The findings of the study revealed the mean ages of cases and controls to be 48.91±11.93 years and 51.0±15.45 years respectively (p-value 0.182). There was an equal number of males and females among the study group and controls (92 males and 58 females) making a male-to-female ratio of 3:2. The prevalence of CVD risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, elevated low-density lipoprotein, anemia, hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, albuminuria, and hypoalbuminemia was significantly higher among the CKD group compared to controls. Similarly, the prevalence of reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was higher among cases than controls, the difference was however not statistically significant. Conclusion: The study has shown that systemic hypertension, diabetes, anemia, dyslipidemia, hypoalbuminemia, albuminuria, and abnormal calcium/phosphate products increases the risk for CVD in the general population but is more expressed and significant in CKD patients.
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spelling pubmed-101328512023-04-27 Risk Assessment of Pre-dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Patients for Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria: A Case-Controlled Cross-Sectional Study Ovwasa, Henry Aiwuyo, Henry O ‪Okoye, Ogochukwu A Umuerri, Ejiroghene M Obasohan, Austine Unuigbe, Evelyn Rajora, Nilum Cureus Internal Medicine Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the chronic kidney disease (CKD) population. CKD patients are more likely to die from CVD before ever reaching end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The study, therefore, seeks to identify the prevalence of risk factors of CVD in CKD patients such as systemic hypertension, anemia, dyslipidemia, hypoalbuminemia, albuminuria, and abnormal calcium/phosphate products. Methods: The study was a case-control cross-sectional study where one hundred fifty hypertensive CKD patients and age- and sex-matched hypertensive non-CKD subjects were consecutively enrolled at the renal unit of Delta State University Teaching Hospital (DELSUTH), Oghara. Results: The findings of the study revealed the mean ages of cases and controls to be 48.91±11.93 years and 51.0±15.45 years respectively (p-value 0.182). There was an equal number of males and females among the study group and controls (92 males and 58 females) making a male-to-female ratio of 3:2. The prevalence of CVD risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, elevated low-density lipoprotein, anemia, hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, albuminuria, and hypoalbuminemia was significantly higher among the CKD group compared to controls. Similarly, the prevalence of reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was higher among cases than controls, the difference was however not statistically significant. Conclusion: The study has shown that systemic hypertension, diabetes, anemia, dyslipidemia, hypoalbuminemia, albuminuria, and abnormal calcium/phosphate products increases the risk for CVD in the general population but is more expressed and significant in CKD patients. Cureus 2023-03-27 /pmc/articles/PMC10132851/ /pubmed/37123714 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.36725 Text en Copyright © 2023, Ovwasa et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Internal Medicine
Ovwasa, Henry
Aiwuyo, Henry O
‪Okoye, Ogochukwu A
Umuerri, Ejiroghene M
Obasohan, Austine
Unuigbe, Evelyn
Rajora, Nilum
Risk Assessment of Pre-dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Patients for Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria: A Case-Controlled Cross-Sectional Study
title Risk Assessment of Pre-dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Patients for Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria: A Case-Controlled Cross-Sectional Study
title_full Risk Assessment of Pre-dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Patients for Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria: A Case-Controlled Cross-Sectional Study
title_fullStr Risk Assessment of Pre-dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Patients for Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria: A Case-Controlled Cross-Sectional Study
title_full_unstemmed Risk Assessment of Pre-dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Patients for Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria: A Case-Controlled Cross-Sectional Study
title_short Risk Assessment of Pre-dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Patients for Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria: A Case-Controlled Cross-Sectional Study
title_sort risk assessment of pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease (ckd) patients for cardiovascular disease (cvd) in a tertiary hospital in nigeria: a case-controlled cross-sectional study
topic Internal Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10132851/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37123714
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.36725
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