Cargando…
Changes in sleep quality and sleep disturbances in the general population from before to during the COVID-19 lockdown: A systematic review and meta-analysis
INTRODUCTION: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to explore changes in sleep quality and sleep disturbances in the general population from before to during the COVID-19 lockdown. METHODS: The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021256378) and the PRISMA guidelines were followed. The...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10134452/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37124253 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1166815 |
_version_ | 1785031766057156608 |
---|---|
author | Limongi, Federica Siviero, Paola Trevisan, Caterina Noale, Marianna Catalani, Filippo Ceolin, Chiara Conti, Silvia di Rosa, Elisa Perdixi, Elena Remelli, Francesca Prinelli, Federica Maggi, Stefania |
author_facet | Limongi, Federica Siviero, Paola Trevisan, Caterina Noale, Marianna Catalani, Filippo Ceolin, Chiara Conti, Silvia di Rosa, Elisa Perdixi, Elena Remelli, Francesca Prinelli, Federica Maggi, Stefania |
author_sort | Limongi, Federica |
collection | PubMed |
description | INTRODUCTION: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to explore changes in sleep quality and sleep disturbances in the general population from before to during the COVID-19 lockdown. METHODS: The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021256378) and the PRISMA guidelines were followed. The major databases and gray literature were systematically searched from inception to 28/05/2021 to identify observational studies evaluating sleep changes in the general population during the lockdown with respect to the pre-lockdown period. A random effects meta-analysis was undertaken for studies reporting (a) the means of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) global scores or the means of the sleep onset latency (SOL) times (minutes - min) before and during the lockdown, (b) the percentages of poor sleep quality before and during the lockdown, or (c) the percentages of changes in sleep quality. Subgroup analysis by risk of bias and measurement tool utilized was carried out. A narrative synthesis on sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, insomnia and sleep medication consumption was also performed. RESULTS: Sixty-three studies were included. A decline in sleep quality, reflected in a pooled increase in the PSQI global scores (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.26; 95% CI 0.17–0.34) and in SOL (SMD = 0.38 min; 95% CI 0.30–0.45) were found. The percentage of individuals with poor sleep quality increased during the lockdown (pooled relative risk 1.4; 95% CI 1.24–1.61). Moreover, 57.3% (95% CI 50.01–61.55) of the individuals reported a change in sleep quality; in 37.3% (95% CI 34.27–40.39) of these, it was a worsening. The studies included in the systematic review reported a decrease in sleep efficiency and an increase in sleep disturbances, insomnia, and in sleep medication consumption. DISCUSSION: Timely interventions are warranted in view of the decline in sleep quality and the increase in sleep disturbances uncovered and their potentially negative impact on health. Further research and in particular longitudinal studies using validated instruments examining the long-term impact of the lockdown on sleep variables is needed. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021256378, identifier CRD42021256378. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10134452 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-101344522023-04-28 Changes in sleep quality and sleep disturbances in the general population from before to during the COVID-19 lockdown: A systematic review and meta-analysis Limongi, Federica Siviero, Paola Trevisan, Caterina Noale, Marianna Catalani, Filippo Ceolin, Chiara Conti, Silvia di Rosa, Elisa Perdixi, Elena Remelli, Francesca Prinelli, Federica Maggi, Stefania Front Psychiatry Psychiatry INTRODUCTION: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to explore changes in sleep quality and sleep disturbances in the general population from before to during the COVID-19 lockdown. METHODS: The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021256378) and the PRISMA guidelines were followed. The major databases and gray literature were systematically searched from inception to 28/05/2021 to identify observational studies evaluating sleep changes in the general population during the lockdown with respect to the pre-lockdown period. A random effects meta-analysis was undertaken for studies reporting (a) the means of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) global scores or the means of the sleep onset latency (SOL) times (minutes - min) before and during the lockdown, (b) the percentages of poor sleep quality before and during the lockdown, or (c) the percentages of changes in sleep quality. Subgroup analysis by risk of bias and measurement tool utilized was carried out. A narrative synthesis on sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, insomnia and sleep medication consumption was also performed. RESULTS: Sixty-three studies were included. A decline in sleep quality, reflected in a pooled increase in the PSQI global scores (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.26; 95% CI 0.17–0.34) and in SOL (SMD = 0.38 min; 95% CI 0.30–0.45) were found. The percentage of individuals with poor sleep quality increased during the lockdown (pooled relative risk 1.4; 95% CI 1.24–1.61). Moreover, 57.3% (95% CI 50.01–61.55) of the individuals reported a change in sleep quality; in 37.3% (95% CI 34.27–40.39) of these, it was a worsening. The studies included in the systematic review reported a decrease in sleep efficiency and an increase in sleep disturbances, insomnia, and in sleep medication consumption. DISCUSSION: Timely interventions are warranted in view of the decline in sleep quality and the increase in sleep disturbances uncovered and their potentially negative impact on health. Further research and in particular longitudinal studies using validated instruments examining the long-term impact of the lockdown on sleep variables is needed. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021256378, identifier CRD42021256378. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-04-13 /pmc/articles/PMC10134452/ /pubmed/37124253 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1166815 Text en Copyright © 2023 Limongi, Siviero, Trevisan, Noale, Catalani, Ceolin, Conti, di Rosa, Perdixi, Remelli, Prinelli and Maggi. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Psychiatry Limongi, Federica Siviero, Paola Trevisan, Caterina Noale, Marianna Catalani, Filippo Ceolin, Chiara Conti, Silvia di Rosa, Elisa Perdixi, Elena Remelli, Francesca Prinelli, Federica Maggi, Stefania Changes in sleep quality and sleep disturbances in the general population from before to during the COVID-19 lockdown: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
title | Changes in sleep quality and sleep disturbances in the general population from before to during the COVID-19 lockdown: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
title_full | Changes in sleep quality and sleep disturbances in the general population from before to during the COVID-19 lockdown: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
title_fullStr | Changes in sleep quality and sleep disturbances in the general population from before to during the COVID-19 lockdown: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
title_full_unstemmed | Changes in sleep quality and sleep disturbances in the general population from before to during the COVID-19 lockdown: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
title_short | Changes in sleep quality and sleep disturbances in the general population from before to during the COVID-19 lockdown: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
title_sort | changes in sleep quality and sleep disturbances in the general population from before to during the covid-19 lockdown: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
topic | Psychiatry |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10134452/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37124253 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1166815 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT limongifederica changesinsleepqualityandsleepdisturbancesinthegeneralpopulationfrombeforetoduringthecovid19lockdownasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT sivieropaola changesinsleepqualityandsleepdisturbancesinthegeneralpopulationfrombeforetoduringthecovid19lockdownasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT trevisancaterina changesinsleepqualityandsleepdisturbancesinthegeneralpopulationfrombeforetoduringthecovid19lockdownasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT noalemarianna changesinsleepqualityandsleepdisturbancesinthegeneralpopulationfrombeforetoduringthecovid19lockdownasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT catalanifilippo changesinsleepqualityandsleepdisturbancesinthegeneralpopulationfrombeforetoduringthecovid19lockdownasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT ceolinchiara changesinsleepqualityandsleepdisturbancesinthegeneralpopulationfrombeforetoduringthecovid19lockdownasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT contisilvia changesinsleepqualityandsleepdisturbancesinthegeneralpopulationfrombeforetoduringthecovid19lockdownasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT dirosaelisa changesinsleepqualityandsleepdisturbancesinthegeneralpopulationfrombeforetoduringthecovid19lockdownasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT perdixielena changesinsleepqualityandsleepdisturbancesinthegeneralpopulationfrombeforetoduringthecovid19lockdownasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT remellifrancesca changesinsleepqualityandsleepdisturbancesinthegeneralpopulationfrombeforetoduringthecovid19lockdownasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT prinellifederica changesinsleepqualityandsleepdisturbancesinthegeneralpopulationfrombeforetoduringthecovid19lockdownasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT maggistefania changesinsleepqualityandsleepdisturbancesinthegeneralpopulationfrombeforetoduringthecovid19lockdownasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis |